Reflection of Resilience Thinking in Urbanism Researches as Urban Resilience
Resilience in the city, entitled “urban resilience”, is defined as the capacity of cities to continue their activity under extreme pressure regardless of the type of shock or stress they face, so that the people who live and work within the cities, especially the poor and the vulnerable, can survive and grow steadily (The Rockefeller Foundation, 2014). In recent researches, the latest definition of urban resilience refers to the ability of a city system and all of its social-ecological and socio-technical networks on spatial and temporal scales that maintain or quickly returns good functions while facing an imbalance; a system that adapts to the change or rapidly changes …show more content…
Overlapped with each other, these four areas include: 1) research about urban resilience and governance networks, organizations and administrative structures; 2) research about urban resilience and social dynamics, population size , human capital and justice; 3) urban resilience and dynamic flows of production, distribution and consumption cycles; 4) research about urban resilience and built environment, ecosystem services in the urban landscape which searches for the pattern of urban form and spatial relationships between the constituents of urban environment and form. In these four areas of research, an important point is that they are all under the control of both general resilience of an urban system as a whole and specific resilience of the urban system components (Resilience Alliance, 2007). Due to inadequate studies, urban resilience requires further research in three main realms: (1) the local-spatial research on urban systems and the need to expand the spatial morphology that plays a leading role in key features affecting urban form and resilience systems; (2) the institutional and organizational research on urban systems and the need to understand the spatial form of the city with the aim of developing organizational support for the design of urban resilient system; and (3) the discursive …show more content…
The ecosystem approach is a theoretical approach that helps the urban experts to create a chaos in the network of variables and their relationships. The ecosystem approach is a result of biology that has helped biologists to understand the complexity of organisms and their relationships with the environment (Van Bueren, 2012). This approach can be used to describe urban systems with all their complexity and can help identify opportunities to improve the sustainability of urban living. Since resilience thinking involves a systematic thinking (Pisano, 2012), it is necessary to redefine the city as an urban system. Urban system is a complex system of different subsystems of different dimensions, related to each other (Alberti & Marzluff, 2004; Ahren, 2012). Just as living creatures can be considered as systems, human artifacts such as cities and their regions can also be thought as systems. A city can be considered as a system because different land uses are interconnected through transport and other circulating flows (Taylor, 1998). Hence urban systems are an integrated set of natural and human subsystems. In terms of a physical system and urban form, the urban system encompasses main elements of the city’s structure: main roads, main urban buildings providing main services on the scale of the city and public urban green open spaces (Godschalk, 2003). To perceive the resilient thinking, the city
Resilience in the city, entitled “urban resilience”, is defined as the capacity of cities to continue their activity under extreme pressure regardless of the type of shock or stress they face, so that the people who live and work within the cities, especially the poor and the vulnerable, can survive and grow steadily (The Rockefeller Foundation, 2014). In recent researches, the latest definition of urban resilience refers to the ability of a city system and all of its social-ecological and socio-technical networks on spatial and temporal scales that maintain or quickly returns good functions while facing an imbalance; a system that adapts to the change or rapidly changes …show more content…
Overlapped with each other, these four areas include: 1) research about urban resilience and governance networks, organizations and administrative structures; 2) research about urban resilience and social dynamics, population size , human capital and justice; 3) urban resilience and dynamic flows of production, distribution and consumption cycles; 4) research about urban resilience and built environment, ecosystem services in the urban landscape which searches for the pattern of urban form and spatial relationships between the constituents of urban environment and form. In these four areas of research, an important point is that they are all under the control of both general resilience of an urban system as a whole and specific resilience of the urban system components (Resilience Alliance, 2007). Due to inadequate studies, urban resilience requires further research in three main realms: (1) the local-spatial research on urban systems and the need to expand the spatial morphology that plays a leading role in key features affecting urban form and resilience systems; (2) the institutional and organizational research on urban systems and the need to understand the spatial form of the city with the aim of developing organizational support for the design of urban resilient system; and (3) the discursive …show more content…
The ecosystem approach is a theoretical approach that helps the urban experts to create a chaos in the network of variables and their relationships. The ecosystem approach is a result of biology that has helped biologists to understand the complexity of organisms and their relationships with the environment (Van Bueren, 2012). This approach can be used to describe urban systems with all their complexity and can help identify opportunities to improve the sustainability of urban living. Since resilience thinking involves a systematic thinking (Pisano, 2012), it is necessary to redefine the city as an urban system. Urban system is a complex system of different subsystems of different dimensions, related to each other (Alberti & Marzluff, 2004; Ahren, 2012). Just as living creatures can be considered as systems, human artifacts such as cities and their regions can also be thought as systems. A city can be considered as a system because different land uses are interconnected through transport and other circulating flows (Taylor, 1998). Hence urban systems are an integrated set of natural and human subsystems. In terms of a physical system and urban form, the urban system encompasses main elements of the city’s structure: main roads, main urban buildings providing main services on the scale of the city and public urban green open spaces (Godschalk, 2003). To perceive the resilient thinking, the city