This lab makes use of the reaction excess powdered calcium carbonate and different concentrations limiting hydrochloric acid in order to determine the effect of changing concentration on the rate of the reaction. Students will carry out 3 trials of 5 experiments each trial. The five different experiments are for the various concentrations of hydrochloric acid (0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0 mol/L). First measure out approximately 2 grams of powdered calcium carbonate using a weighing boat and analytical balance. Then, measure out 30 mL of 0.2 M hydrochloric acid into a volumetric flask.…
The reactants that enzyme act upon with the substrate and the enzyme will bind together into the active site. The catalyst is important to the enzyme that breaks down the hydrogen peroxide and oxygen gas, where the rate of reaction of the catalyst will increase the temperature until it has reached the optimum temperature above 37°C is reached. If the optimum temperature has reached above 37°C then the kinetic energy and substrate molecules will begin to denature. The purpose of the lab was to determine the effects different temperature in yeast and hydrogen peroxide in a catalyst enzyme on reaction rate. There were many sources of errors that occur in the lab from having just one trial, using the same thermometer for each solution and inaccurate timing.…
This lab was a two week long lab called the Grignard Reaction lab. The purpose of this lab was to perform the Grignard reaction and to obtain the final product triphenylmethanol from a halide, phenylmagnesium bromide and the starting material, methyl benzoate along with the Grignard reagent. Bromobenzene, magnesium turnings, and anhydrous ether were needed to form the Grignard reagent. To synthesize the reagent, react the reagent with methyl benzoate to form a tertiary alcohol. The objective of the Grignard Reaction lab was to obtain the actual yield of the product, to calculate theoretical and percent yield of the product, and to record the melting point of the product.…
The seconds between beginning the timer and recording data and the slight overestimation in substance amounts. This experiment could be improved by having precise measurements and using numerous catalysts during the experiment to test the speeds of the reaction.…
Purpose: The purpose of this lab is to establish a concrete understanding of limiting reagents and percent yields. In addition, the lab should give the administrator the ability to analyze the effects of reactants on the product of a chemical reaction. Procedure: In part A of the lab, the first step in the procedure is to add 20 mL, and 25 mL of CaCl2 to two different flasks.…
The study of microbiology requires not only understanding the microscopic organisms, but also the understanding of lab techniques and procedures used to identify, control, and manipulate microorganisms. The identification of microorganisms is not only important in microbiology lab, but also in the medical field to identify an agent of a disease that will help treat the patient by using the correct antibiotics to kill off the host. In this unknown lab report, techniques and procedures learned in the microbiology laboratory during the semester that was performed to test ones practical understanding of microbiology. The sole purpose of the unknown lab is to demonstrate understanding of the experimental methods and lab techniques learned during…
The specificity of enzymes helps make them powerful tools in nature; they are allowed to form enzyme-substrate complexes. (Bioinfo.org.cn, 2015) Reaction rates controlled by enzyme can be measured using experimental methods where the factors such as enzyme, pH and temperature can be studied. These results can be…
The purpose of this lab is to practice different scientific methods, practice making different observations, and observe chemical and physical changes. What we did was measure out 4 grams of the powder and same with the little ball shaped chemicals that were solid. What happened in this experiment was when you put the liquid chemical called the acid indicator in the different types joined and formed a gas type substance. And our uncertainty was low, we had no idea if we were doing the lab right and if we were going to get the right results but we had it in the bag. We had learned new things like how to make a reaction, gas, chemical, and burn something without a flame.…
The objective of today’s lab was to determine the reaction rate of iodine and determine the reaction order for H+ and acetone. In order to do this, we ran 7 reactions with HCl, I2, Water, and Acetone. Every Run had different amounts of one of the components. These reactions allowed us to calculate the reaction rates for each of the 7 trials by dividing the molarity of the I2 by the time the reaction took. Next we had to determine the reaction order which required us to put each reaction rate, except for trial I, over the reaction reaction rate of trial I, then take the natural log, and finally ivied by the natural log of 2 or 3 depending on the trial.…
In this lab, we carried out a variety of reactions using different chemicals and metals. A chemical reaction is when the chemical state of the substance you are testing rearranges its ionic and molecular structure. One of the reactions we experienced was single replacement, this consists of one ion switching places with another ion to form a new compound. Another reaction we saw was double replacement. In this reaction, two compounds ions are switched to form two new compounds.…
Kinetic can be defined as a study of the speeds or the rates of chemical reactions. The factors that could affect the rates of the reactions are physical state, reaction temperature, catalysts, pressure, concentration of solution, and reaction time. The change of the speed of the reaction can be predicted based on the different reaction conditions. Kinetic study is important because it can describe information about the reaction mechanism. The concentration has affected the frequency which the collision of molecules or ions.…
The Kinetics of a chemical reaction can give information of how fast or how slow a reaction occurs. The speed of the reaction is known as the reaction rate, it is often defined as the change in concentration per unit of time. The value of the reaction rate is dependent on the species in the solution as well as the initial concentrations of the species. In this experiment, the objective was to observe the relationship between the rate law and the concentration, this was done by finding the rate law equation of the reaction. The rate law was determined by finding the rates of the same reaction done multiple times with several reactant concentrations as well as determining the time it took to complete the reaction.…
The data had a steady decline in time as the temperature grew. Even between 10℃. When the temperature was 30℃, the time in seconds was 16.78. When it was 40℃, the time went down to 15.85. It shows the movement of the enzymes were quicker; therefore, the enzymes were catalyzing the reaction.…
The purpose of conducting this experiment was to explore how different factors affect the reaction rate of enzymes reacting with their corresponding substrates in order to learn more about how enzymes function in different environments. The independent variables investigated in this experiment were the concentration of different substrates, the temperature of the environment, and the effect of a catalyst on the reaction rate. The dependent variable for all of the investigations was the time it took for the reaction to occur. To investigate the effect of the concentration of the substrate on the reaction time, four test tubes were used.…
Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) is an oxidoreductase found in both eukaryotes and prokaryotes. LDH catalyses the formation of lactate and NAD+ from pyruvate and NADH, during the last step of anaerobic glycolysis. The reaction is also catalysed in the other direction by LDH during the Cori cycle. This reaction can be assayed using spectrophotometric techniques; peak absorbance of NADH is at 340nm, but the peak absorbance of NAD+ is 259nm (Powers, et al., 2007). Enzyme assays are performed to measure the rate of an enzyme-catalysed reaction, known as the enzyme activity.…