Omi And Winant Theory Of Racial Formation

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The Ethnicity, Class and Nation paradigms, are the frames about the concept of race and its constant changing throughout time that Omi and Winant used to try to understand how racial dynamics developed and why they still persist especially in USA. Their theory of racial formation analyzes the agreement on the meaning of race and racial categories and the interplay on how social structure shapes and is shaped by race throughout history and time, like in an organized “Project”. In particular they investigated how racial categorization in created, used and destroyed. Omi and Winant frame is rooted in context, history and therefore time.
The racial project can take the form of “common sense” or imagery depicting race features and can be both racist
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These concepts referred to eugenetics and Darwinism
1930-1965 a progressive and liberal view was leading toward assimilation and cultural pluralism and race was not biological but a social construction and that ethnicities could assimilate in North America, while in south we had Jim Crow law and manifest discrimination. Although, social movements by Blacks were requiring full citizenship without accepting the “melting pot “ rule.
Post-1965 a neo-conservative view becomes an alternative to the radicalism of “group rights”, with the intent to connect political and cultural; pluralism. So the State should guarantee against using race as a discrimination factor. But, this poses limits because different ethnic groups forced into a melting group are deprived of their culture and different groups start out with different resources and opportunities that just perpetuate social inequality.
Race is reduced to a function of culture and traditions
Class Paradigm
Develops through three different
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It carries inequality, minimum wage and labor laws. Rcial ideologies and politics of equality hide blocks to social mobility.
-stratification, of races into classes, uses the economic class lens to define groups, for instance the black middle class is different than the poor in general, but still have less privileges than the white middle

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