Racial Diversity In Morrison's Recitatif By Toni Morrison

Improved Essays
Stories can make a person feel many emotions when connecting with different characters in a story. Sometimes the connections are due to common interests, feelings, and even through culture, race and class. Racially focused writings tend to reveal the different perspectives of people and life through race. In the story “Recitatif” by Toni Morrison, Morrison is making a major statement by not disclosing Twyla and Roberta’s racial identities throughout the entirety of the story and their battling friendship. The story takes place during the civil rights movement and due to this, the story sends a very strong racial message. The non-disclosure of the racial identities of the two main characters in this story allows for assumptions to be made throughout …show more content…
Morrison opens the door in this situation for the reader to look at the two different races and their ability to be able to provide for their families. When Roberta and Twyla are in the shelter, their mothers are due to come visit them in the chapel one Sunday and have lunch after the service. “We were supposed to have lunch in the teachers’ lounge, but Mary didn’t bring anything, so we picked fur and cellophane grass off the mashed jelly beans and ate them. I could have killed her. I sneaked a look at Roberta. Her mother had brought chicken legs and ham sandwiches and oranges and a whole box of chocolate-covered grahams. Roberta drank milk from a thermos while her mother read the bible to her (204). In this part of the text, it becomes clear whose mother is more responsible and able to provide more nourishment for their daughter. The assumptions can go two different ways. One may assume that Roberta and her cross wearing mother are black and her mother was able to bring her a large variety of delicious food, or that she is white and still, able to do the same. Twyla may have a mother who is a dancer and unable or forgot to bring her food for their lunch, but both Twyla and Mary could be black or white. Twyla was forced to eat jelly beans for lunch while Roberta …show more content…
In this story, Morrison opens the door for these racial assumption to be made when Twyla’s mother says that “they never washed their hair and they smelled funny” (201). When Mary says this to Twyla, she is making a statement about the stereotype that she is familiar with in regards to another race. She could be describing white people who never wash their hair or shower because of laziness or lack of access to be able to. On the other hand, one may assume the stereotype that black people don’t wash their hair as often due to their different type of hair. If one assumes the latter, then they may also assume that a black person would smell bad after not washing their hair and bodies for consecutive days at a time. In this part of the story, Morrison is showing the reader how assumptions based on stereotyping is not always correct and how assumptions made in this story when referring to either black people or white people can go both

Related Documents

  • Improved Essays

    “I had reached a point where I was ashamed of her and didn’t want the world to see my white mother.” Neither understood how to appreciate their mother for what she was, but rather as what she…

    • 686 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    In the reading “American History”, by “Judith Ortiz Cofer” the quote on page one,"Hey, Skinny Bones, pump it, girl. Ain't you got no energy today?" Gail, the biggest of the black girls who had the other end of the rope, yelled, "Didn't you eat your rice and beans and pork chops for breakfast today?". In in this example, readers learn how stereotype can cause a person to have a low self esteem by discriminate against them because their of race, and the quote above also shows the stereotype of the girls say “Elena”, eats beans and pork chops”, due to the fact that she is Hispanic Latino. The next quote in the story “American History”, also gives us an example how stereotype can affect our self image but this example directly hits more of academic performance “It took me days and many discreet questions to discover that Eugene was in honors classes for all his subjects; classes that were not open to me because English was not my first language, though I was a straight A student.”…

    • 1334 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Great Essays

    Toni Morrison’s “Recitatif” is an eventful story about two girls’ experiences. The story is told from Twyla’s perspective and begins at St. Bonaventure, a children’s shelter. Twyla’s mother, Mary, is a dancer and Roberta’s mother is sick, and for these reasons, the two girls are in a shelter. Twenty-eight days after staying in the shelter, their mothers come to visit on Sunday. Roberta’s mother does not want to shake hands with Mary.…

    • 1427 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Great Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Marita went to KIPP academy where most students were African American, the rest were Hispanic. It was one of the poorest schools in New York. “Roughly half of the students are African American; the rest are Hispanic.” (p.3) Kewauna attended college, she was the only African American girl to sit in the front row with all the white girls. “The other African American students all tended to sit at the back, which disappointed Kewauna.”…

    • 400 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    When the narrator can’t remember the older son’s name because he himself has internalized white supremacy and thinks that just because he is white so he does not need to remember the older son’s name; which just because he is white he…

    • 957 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Superior Essays

    Their desire to fit into the master narrative that white people have created ultimately cause them both to fall below the expectations of mediocrity that society, and white people in particular, have set for them. If either of these characters had chosen to embrace their race and individuality, perhaps they would have been able to rise above the negative expectations that society had set for them. The institutionalization of racism throughout American history makes it difficult for African American people to rise above the negative stereotypes that are set for them, but ultimately, by embracing one’s self, an individual can rise above cultural norms and societal…

    • 1251 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Morrison uses many symbolic examples throughout “Recitatif”. Food recurs throughout the story and is symbolic of the motif of mothering, nurturing, and abandonment (Akers 246). When Roberta gives Twyla her food that Roberta’s mother brought for her, this shows the symbolic alliance between the girls (Akers 246). After Twyla’s mother arrives at the orphanage and they go to chapel, everyone has lunch. Mary, Twyla’s mother does not bring Twyla anything, so they eat the jellybeans Twyla previously spilled on the floor.…

    • 374 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Both the movie and story introduces the subject of colored people passing as white in a society where blacks were not accepted to be anything other than slaves…

    • 1778 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Superior Essays

    Twyla knew from the start that what Roberta had been telling her were not what actually happened, but she was baited by the ideas and began to believe them herself. Once Roberta told Twyla that none of it was true but only a figment of her fantasy, since she also wanted to push Maggie, everything came full circle. Through Roberta’s claims, Twyla began to believe what Roberta believed, showing how easily influenced she was throughout the story. In “The Space that Race Creates: An Interstitial Analysis of Toni Morrison’s ‘Recitatif’, Benjamin asserts that, “Roberta’s counterpoint … encourages Twyla’s self-discovery even though it initially wracks her with guilt” (96). Twyla suppresses her true thoughts throughout the story until the end, once Roberta admits that she has the same thoughts she does.…

    • 1346 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Twyla’s son is now attending a better school and Roberta’s children, who were better off, are now attending school in a low class neighborhood. Roberta’s opposition to the bussing system and Twyla’s support for it, also makes the reader second guess the race of both women. This conflict between the two women, takes us back to a time where racism split the feminist movement during the 70s and 80s. If Roberta is indeed black, during this time, most people would think she would in fact be the white character and Twyla the black character. Twyla doesn’t seem like she is racist, which…

    • 1076 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    The author of the book is a white woman, which hinders the effectiveness of the theme, which focuses on the experiences that people of color go through that those who are white can’t fully comprehend. She addresses the issues, but does so in a way that is unrealistic and slightly biased. Throughout the story, people go through major mental changes in short amounts of time. At the end of the book, characters completely reverse their attitudes and earn redemption by their peers, which is nearly impossible in real life. While some life experiences are impactful enough to cause someone to drastically change their viewpoints, this is unrealistic in the setting, considering the character’s background.…

    • 835 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Great Essays

    The novel Beloved, written by Toni Morrison, follows the lives of those who survived the horrors of slavery and how these experiences affect their decisions/actions in the future. Each character faced different types of mistreatment due to slavery, whether it was mentally or physically, that caused a significant impact to their lives. All these mistreatments the characters had to face had caused them to act a certain way in the future. Morrison would use multiple literary device in each character to show what each character had to face when they were slaves and that would allow the character to think their action in the future was justifiable weather it was morally right or if it was morally wrong. Throughout the book, multiple literary devices…

    • 1487 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Great Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Passing is an ability that not all people possess. To be able to pass as something you are not takes a lot of time and effort, sadly some people never reach to pass along and those who do find themselves field with more self-loathing as they are loathed. We live in such a judgmental society where individuals have no self-acceptance. Where the majority crave to be the stander of beauty, which is white. In this society minorities are taught to believe that whiteness is the paragon of beauty, that being white will assure a better qualified life and define better values in society and the community.…

    • 706 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Great Essays

    In the beginning of the story the narrator is not concerned about his race. In fact he is confused with what his race is. We read about this in the story. One afternoon while the narrator is in his classroom the school’s principal comes in…

    • 1366 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Great Essays
  • Improved Essays

    the Child, I would illustrate how Morrison portrays the effect of racism on black parenthood. The claims that racism has considerably reduced as time has progressed have also been addressed as Toni Morrison shows us how parental attitudes change historically with time. From her three novels A Mercy, The Bluest Eye and God Help the Child, Morrison clearly shows the idea that the Black parents have to some extent coped with the racial discrimination and when the newer generation becomes parents themselves Morrison expects them to raise their children in a better way, as She shows hope for Bride’s child in God Help the Child. Toni Morrison and racism Toni Morrison, the African-American woman writer, who published her first novel in 1970, earned…

    • 1125 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays