I've been reading the book The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks by Rebecca Skloot. This book is about a black woman who died of a cervical cancer in 1951 at Johns Hopkins Hospital in Baltimore, Maryland. Doctors took a cell from her cervix without any consent of her or her family. Her cells are still alive today, growing and multiplying. After this event her family will never be the same.…
During the middle passage not only did the slaves experienced such unsanitary but also doctors that needed money to live.…
In 1950’s Maryland, segregation was at it’s height-Jim Crow laws were in effect, schools were separate but equal, and the Klu Klux Klan had a mainstream following. The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks tells the story of Henrietta Lacks, a black woman, whose cancer cells were taken from her without her permission. Though her lifespan only amounted to 31 years, the effect of her immortal cells will last an eternity. Although Henrietta was an African American woman, she received the best treatment available for her cancer at the time; however, her race affected her life greatly. Contrary to popular beliefs, Henrietta Lack’s race had little effect on her cells and the way she was treated in the hospital, in fact, she was given the best treatment that was available at the time.…
In Skloot’s (2010) book, The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks, the author reveals the story about the life of Henrietta Lacks, an African American woman who was diagnosed with a fast-growing cervical cancer at a young age. The cells retrieved from her cervical tumor became the first immortal cell that could survive in the lab and replicate continuously without dying. Without the consent of Henrietta Lacks and her family, these cells later became key components to the development of many groundbreaking inventions such as the polio vaccine and in vitro fertilization. Henrietta Lacks’ cells (HeLa) were discovered during the Jim crow era in the 1950s, where laws were created to enforce racial segregation and unequal treatments to the African American…
They were offered with services, direct medical assistance and they were allowed to have treatments to cure different sickness, giving them high mortality and a longer life. Although blacks were offered with medical treatments and health aid in order to improve their health conditions, they were still getting poor equipment in bad condition followed with unexperienced service. “Handicaps of inadequate funds and poorly trained personnel.” In addition of health care, they also received food, shelter, labor arrangements and clothing. Another major economic aid blacks received was free education.…
Henrietta waited a whole year before even confronting a doctor because she did not feel comfortable telling a doctor. The doctors did not give Henrietta the time and treatment that was necessary for her. “So when the nurse called Henrietta from the waiting room, she led her through a single door to a colored-only exam room-one in a long row of rooms divided by clear glass walls that let nurses see from one to the next” (Skloot 15). African American patients were not treated with the same respect as the white patients; the glass dividers are a symbol of how African American patients lacked privacy in their segregated rooms. They were also not given the same treatment that the white people were given.…
1. INDENTURED SERVANTS: Colonists who exchanged up to seven years of work for the entry to America and a chance at a superior life there. Indentured servants were the essential wellspring of work in America (pg. 61). While in the colony, the indentured servants needed to tend to the place that is known for the estate and plant the crops. Once the contractually bound slave's agreement was fulfilled, they were to get a real estate parcel of their own and appreciate the advantages of owning the area.…
During the Antebellum period medicine was largely primitive and unsophisticated and unlike modern medicine today, much of the medical procedures doctors relied on then were unscientific. Many doctors at that time still followed primitive methods of curing illness, that dated back to medieval times. As examples, doctors still practiced procedures such as bloodletting, and herbal healing. Not only did these procedures not work, they also illustrated an inherent lack of medical knowledge and understanding of public health procedures. There was also no real public health system.…
Countless things were examined on a slave before a potential buyer made his final purchase. A few of the things included: their breasts, teeth, arms, general form, appearance, and primarily race. With race, the darker you were, the healthier and stronger you seemed to be. With teeth, the less decay the better, and if the inside of the slave’s mouth was white, then they were thought to have a disease or illness. Age was also looked at very closely when purchasing a slave…
After 1830 the critiques of abolition took the ideological defense of slavery to new dimension by proposing slavery as an "necessary evil". One by one southern educators, scientist, politician and literary figures clung to the idea of slavery as "positive good". Southern scientific society asserted that the blacks were biologically and metallic inferior race, and their anatomy differed from Caucasian and Indians, thus making immune to harsh work and punishment. Much to pleasure of slaveholders, they used these false scientific assumptions in justifying the inhumane treatment of African American slaves. One of them eve went to declare slaves suffered from a disease called draeptomania that made them suddenly run…
African slave trade and European contact with sub-Saharan Africa during the Age of Discovery is a very debatable topic in world history. However, this was not mutually beneficial in terms of economic exchanges and political relationships. Europeans almost always took advantage of those in sub-Saharan Africa as well as treating them horribly in many different scenarios.…
The southern colonies were establishing an agricultural economy based on the sale of tobacco and rice. Throughout the 1600’s, plantation owners relied on indentured servants and slaves to provide manual labor to harvest their crops. Plantation owners benefitted from the forced drudgery of both slaves and indentured servants. In spite of America’s claim to equality for all men, many people were living without basic freedoms guarantied to all people by the constitution. Many people, some who came by their own will, and some by force, were bought and sold like merchandise; their hard, repressive, lives had just begun.…
While racial prejudice played a significant role in the rise of slavery in the British colonies, it was not the sole contributor. A large influence that led to widespread slavery in the colonies was the slow removal of indentured servants. While white indentured servants were relatively efficient for a period of time, the masters of these servants eventually noticed a lack of hard work and desire for freedom within them. This observed change in behavior led to the need to find a new labor force, one that could not claim to have the rights of “Englishmen”. So, as many in the history of the world had done, the colonists turned to the enslavement of Africans.…
History tells a story about a time that the hospital, LTC system and mental health were all connected to one another and were all serviced in the same manner. Well, maybe there wasn’t really a hospital, nursing home or asylum so to speak of but there were people who had conditions or were poor and could not take care of themselves which resulted in a need which brought life to the health care facilities and models of care that we recognize today. Early in American history, few people lived to be old, but for those who did, “old-age security” meant having children or property. The public welfare system of those times was fashioned after the English “poor Laws”. Early on, paupers were given cash payments referred to as “outdoor relief”.…
The Lingering Effects of Slavery During the 16th century, there occurred a vast emergence of slave owners. People were confined to the venomous belief of slavery being a natural, God-sent form of labor. They believed that it was fair for African peoples (mostly African Americans) to be forced into horrific extents of labor without pay. The slaves were given no rights or freedom; they were dehumanized. They were treated as commodities, meaning they were bought and sold as property.…