All three categories showed a significant decline in the mean and standard deviation indicating that a higher average of participants improved in these categories during the 12 months. Ordinal variables are often used in social and behavioral research, and the data obtained in this research yielded fully ordered ordinal data (Flora & Curran, 2004; Thoder & Cautilli, 2012). The variance and standard deviation is the most appropriate measure of dispersion when working with interval, ratio, and fully ordered ordinal data (Walker, 2009). Because the variance and standard deviation are derived from calculations using the mean, the mean is used in this research as a measure of central tendency. Over the course of this one-year study, the mean for the CBCL category of internalizing behaviors that measure withdrawn went from 63 to 53, externalizing problems went from a 63 to a 42, and the total score went from a 63 to 47 (Thoder & Cautilli,
All three categories showed a significant decline in the mean and standard deviation indicating that a higher average of participants improved in these categories during the 12 months. Ordinal variables are often used in social and behavioral research, and the data obtained in this research yielded fully ordered ordinal data (Flora & Curran, 2004; Thoder & Cautilli, 2012). The variance and standard deviation is the most appropriate measure of dispersion when working with interval, ratio, and fully ordered ordinal data (Walker, 2009). Because the variance and standard deviation are derived from calculations using the mean, the mean is used in this research as a measure of central tendency. Over the course of this one-year study, the mean for the CBCL category of internalizing behaviors that measure withdrawn went from 63 to 53, externalizing problems went from a 63 to a 42, and the total score went from a 63 to 47 (Thoder & Cautilli,