Puducherry Case Study

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UNION TERRITORY AT A GLANCE
Union Territory Came into Existence: November 1954
Capital: Puducherry
Area (in square km): 492
Population (2001): 9,73,829
Total Number of Districts 4 – Puducherry, Karaikal, Mahe and Yanam Major Rivers: Gingee, Pennaiyar, Coringa, Godavari, Mahe, Cauvery
Urban/Rural Ratio: 2:1
Administrative Language: Tamil, English
Population Density (2001): 2029/sq.km.
Major Religions Hindu (86.16 per cent); Muslim (6.54 per cent); Christian (7.23 per cent); Buddhist (0.01 per cent); Jain (0.06 per cent) Scheduled Caste/Scheduled Tribe (per cent in Total Population) 16.24 per Major Source of Income Agriculture (45 per cent people’s occupation)
Major Industries Textile, Sugar, Beer, Auto parts etc.
Major Tourist
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Its olden history dates back to first century AD. Puducherry was once was an abode of scholars well versed in the vedas and hence called Vedapuri. During the 14th Century, it was under Vijayanagar Empire and was ruled by Naiks of Thanjavur. The Portuguese and Danish merchants used the place as a trading center in this period of time. The French first established their ‘loge’ in Puducherry in 1674. Later it was captured by the Dutch but restored in 1699 following the Treaty of Ryswick. The territory thus restored to the French, included Puducherry Fort and its surroundings which were taken possession by the French after paying the Dutch a sum of 16,000 pagodas.

In 1750 following the victory of Ambur, Musafar Jung confirmed the grant of Villianur and added 36 villages of Bahur. Since then, the French territories were besieged four times second in 1761, resulted in the capture of the town. Following the Treaty of Paris signed on 10 February 1763; Puducherry and its dependencies which included Ozhukarai, Ariankuppam, Virampattinam, Murungappakkam, Pakkamudiyanpet, Olandai, Abhishekapakkam, Kommapakkam and Kalapet were restored to the French. It was again besieged and captured and restored several times after
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Since then for one hundred and thirty-eight Years these establishments continued under French rule, after that the French left the shores on 31st October 1954, following defacto transfer of power.

PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS:
Puducherry region is a flat country that has an average elevation of about 15 metres above sea-level, also has River Gingee, Ponnaiyarand other streams forming the two main drainage basins, interspersed with lagoons, lakes and tanks. River Gingee crosses the region diagonally from northwest to southeast. Ponnaiyar forms the southern border.

GEOGRAPHICAL ZONES: Puducherry region consists of four geographical zones. The coastal zones which includes newer and older dunes. The second zone is made up of the two plateaus called the Puducherry plateau and

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