When it comes to public service delivery, it is the first issue that what system the government should adopt to achieve collective actions among agencies and communities. The established system would contribute to levels and qualities of services by virtue of the way how it linked fellow citizens, intermediary groups, and bureaucracies. Consequently, the more satisfied public services would be provided in particular area while other not. According to Ostrom et al.(1961), the government serves to internalize positive or negative externalities by providing non-exclusive public goods. To maintain the optimal state of public services delivery, the polycentric political systems, the various political jurisdictions or centers of decision-making in
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By and large, the empirical evidence in this article presented that bureaucratic responsiveness depended on not just professional judgments but also political influences from strong political parties and community organizations. In the case of OSHA, Scholz et al. (1991) further found that bureaucrats would respond to the local electoral politics even if encountering strict procedural guidelines and monitoring system from national offices. Constituency activities of elected officials at different levels would be able to provide substantial resources, such like network coordination, legitimacy establishment, and belief reinforcement while local policy advocacy coalitions would directly stimulate or impede bureaucratic predispositions toward law enforcements. Thus, bureaucratic behaviors reflect the pattern of local politics, where crucial resources required by policy implementation are allocated and provided in a particular way. Empirical evidence also showed the effect of other variables at the individual, jurisdictional, and city level on the perceptions of public services delivery. DeHoog et al.
By and large, the empirical evidence in this article presented that bureaucratic responsiveness depended on not just professional judgments but also political influences from strong political parties and community organizations. In the case of OSHA, Scholz et al. (1991) further found that bureaucrats would respond to the local electoral politics even if encountering strict procedural guidelines and monitoring system from national offices. Constituency activities of elected officials at different levels would be able to provide substantial resources, such like network coordination, legitimacy establishment, and belief reinforcement while local policy advocacy coalitions would directly stimulate or impede bureaucratic predispositions toward law enforcements. Thus, bureaucratic behaviors reflect the pattern of local politics, where crucial resources required by policy implementation are allocated and provided in a particular way. Empirical evidence also showed the effect of other variables at the individual, jurisdictional, and city level on the perceptions of public services delivery. DeHoog et al.