The top-down processing is that our perceptions are affected by our expectations, prior experiences, knowledge and thoughts to form some feeling we want. In another word, top-down processing happens when our barins start working from the general to the specific by one or more different sensory systems. Perceptual set is an example of top-down processing. Perceptual Set is that our expectations affect what we do see. When people see specific shapes, our brain will use storied information to connect these shapes to make us imagine what we want to see. For example, lenticular clouds may be imagined as flying saucers. The tree branch may be imagined as loch ness monster.
The explicit memory is that people have conscious and intentional thought
The explicit memory is that people have conscious and intentional thought