What are the possible early signs/symptom of this disorder? Psychological disorder is also known as a mental disorder. It is a pattern behavior or psychological symptoms that impacts multiple life areas and creates stress on the person with the symptoms. There are many symptoms that are caused because of this disorder. Studies investigated caregiver’s psychological symptoms on posttraumatic stress disorder in traumatized children. One hundred ad eleven children and care takers were assessed in these studies. Children with a history of violence was evaluated and re-experienced. Studies showed that these symptoms of psychological disorder was depression, anxiety hostility, interpersonal sensitivity, obsession compulsive disorder, paranoid ideation,
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This is the first meta-analysis that examines the effects of cognitive behavioral group therapies for SAD compared to control on symptoms of anxiety. After a systematic literature search in PubMed, Cochrane, Psych INFO and embase was conducted; eleven studies were identified that met the inclusion criteria. The studies had to be randomized controlled studies in which individuals with a diagnosed SAD were treated with cognitive behavioral group therapy and compared with a control group. The overall quality of the studies was moderate. Results: The pooled effect size indicated that the difference between intervention and control conditions was in favor of the intervention. This corresponds to a heterogeneity was low to moderately high in all analyses. There was some indication of publication bias. Conclusions: It was found that psychological group treatments are more effective than control conditions in patients with SAD. Since heterogeneity between studies was high, more research comparing group psychotherapies for SAD to control is …show more content…
Cultural adaptations of evidence based psychological treatments are important to enhance their universal applicability. The aim of this study was to review systematically the literature on adaptations of PTs for depressive disorders for ethnic minorities in Western countries and for any population in non-Western countries to describe the process, extent and nature of the adaptations and the effectiveness of the adapted treatments. Method. Controlled trials were identified using database searches, key informants, previous reviews and reference lists. Data on the process and details of the adaptations were analyzed using qualitative methods and meta-analysis was used to assess treatment effectiveness. Results. Twenty studies were included in this review, of which 16 were included in the meta-analysis. The process of adaptation was reported in two-thirds of the studies. Most adaptations were found in the dimensions of language, context and therapist delivering the treatment. The meta-analysis revealed a statistically significant benefit in favor of the adapted treatment standardized mean difference confidence interval. Conclusions. Cultural adaptations of PTs follow a systematic procedure and lead primarily to adaptations in the implementation of the treatments rather than their content. Such PTs are effective in the treatment of depressive disorders in populations other than those for whom they were originally
This is the first meta-analysis that examines the effects of cognitive behavioral group therapies for SAD compared to control on symptoms of anxiety. After a systematic literature search in PubMed, Cochrane, Psych INFO and embase was conducted; eleven studies were identified that met the inclusion criteria. The studies had to be randomized controlled studies in which individuals with a diagnosed SAD were treated with cognitive behavioral group therapy and compared with a control group. The overall quality of the studies was moderate. Results: The pooled effect size indicated that the difference between intervention and control conditions was in favor of the intervention. This corresponds to a heterogeneity was low to moderately high in all analyses. There was some indication of publication bias. Conclusions: It was found that psychological group treatments are more effective than control conditions in patients with SAD. Since heterogeneity between studies was high, more research comparing group psychotherapies for SAD to control is …show more content…
Cultural adaptations of evidence based psychological treatments are important to enhance their universal applicability. The aim of this study was to review systematically the literature on adaptations of PTs for depressive disorders for ethnic minorities in Western countries and for any population in non-Western countries to describe the process, extent and nature of the adaptations and the effectiveness of the adapted treatments. Method. Controlled trials were identified using database searches, key informants, previous reviews and reference lists. Data on the process and details of the adaptations were analyzed using qualitative methods and meta-analysis was used to assess treatment effectiveness. Results. Twenty studies were included in this review, of which 16 were included in the meta-analysis. The process of adaptation was reported in two-thirds of the studies. Most adaptations were found in the dimensions of language, context and therapist delivering the treatment. The meta-analysis revealed a statistically significant benefit in favor of the adapted treatment standardized mean difference confidence interval. Conclusions. Cultural adaptations of PTs follow a systematic procedure and lead primarily to adaptations in the implementation of the treatments rather than their content. Such PTs are effective in the treatment of depressive disorders in populations other than those for whom they were originally