“Every normal person, in fact, is only normal on the average. His ego approximates to that of the psychotic in some part or other and to a greater or lesser extent”. (Freud, Sigmund) This quote is Freud expressing his views on ‘normality’ in which I will be comparing to B.F. Skinner’s approach called operate conditioning. The nature–nurture debate will also be explored whilst the two theories of Psychodynamic and Behaviourisms and Attachment theory will be compared.
A psychodynamic theory explains behaviour by analysing the unconscious. This approach emphasises the active nature of mental processes and their role in shaping personality and behaviour. Freud’s theories aren’t scientific, they are more about interpretation. He had 3 main …show more content…
The sense of EGO comes in. The child becomes more independent and in control their energy changes to the ‘Anus’. The child now becomes satisfied by going to the toilet and their sexual gratification comes in through this. If you use up too little of this energy you become ‘Anally retentive’ if you use too much you become messy and untidy.
Between 4-7 Freud had 2 different perspectives for boys and girls. The Oedipus Complex and the Electra Complex. The boys go through a phallic stage and this is when the SUPEREGO comes in. They’re experience conflicting unconscious desires as they start to romantically desire their mothers. They become jealous of their fathers because he is in the way of them fulfilling their desires. They also have a fear of their dad castrating them so they decide to start taking traits of his morals and values into their own personality.
The girls go through ‘Penis Envy’ they already think they have been castrated so they have no castration fear. This means they are less moral. Girls only want to be like their mothers because they start to desire their father (penis envy) and they think by being like their mother their father will desire
A psychodynamic theory explains behaviour by analysing the unconscious. This approach emphasises the active nature of mental processes and their role in shaping personality and behaviour. Freud’s theories aren’t scientific, they are more about interpretation. He had 3 main …show more content…
The sense of EGO comes in. The child becomes more independent and in control their energy changes to the ‘Anus’. The child now becomes satisfied by going to the toilet and their sexual gratification comes in through this. If you use up too little of this energy you become ‘Anally retentive’ if you use too much you become messy and untidy.
Between 4-7 Freud had 2 different perspectives for boys and girls. The Oedipus Complex and the Electra Complex. The boys go through a phallic stage and this is when the SUPEREGO comes in. They’re experience conflicting unconscious desires as they start to romantically desire their mothers. They become jealous of their fathers because he is in the way of them fulfilling their desires. They also have a fear of their dad castrating them so they decide to start taking traits of his morals and values into their own personality.
The girls go through ‘Penis Envy’ they already think they have been castrated so they have no castration fear. This means they are less moral. Girls only want to be like their mothers because they start to desire their father (penis envy) and they think by being like their mother their father will desire