Economic subsistence in the Bhaca culture was all based on pastoralism and agriculture, it is fundamental to Bhaca life. Environment is a motivating and permeating factor which has an influence on every aspect of social life in Bhaca society. The Bhacas main crops include maize, beans, kaffir corn, marrow, and various types of pumpkins, while the more educated Bhacas are beginning to grow potatoes, cabbages, and other vegetables (Tooke 1962:16). The only item that is not as important anymore is Kaffir corn, because there is not enough help to maintain it when the children are at school. The Bhaca have a cattle cult. Cattles give a man dignity and wealth, depending on the number of his stock. Quantity counts and quality does not. Cattles are the door to give seual satisfaction, social status, and ancestor worship. Cattles are one of the main sources for economic subsistence and help support the way of Bhaca life. The wealthier Bhacas use mechanization as a source to save energy for subsidizing crops and other agricultural needs. In order to take business seriously, they use mechanization devices such as Harrowers and planting machines. Planting has always been done by men and women. Women take up most of the field activities while men take care of the cattles and do the ploughing. In Bhaca culture, there is a taboo called “umlaza” that excludes women from making any contact with …show more content…
Bhaca uses kinship to address family members in a politeful manner. There is always a close interrelationship between kinship and behavior in the Bhaca community. Evidently, a man treats his father’s brother as if he was his father, but in a modified way because there is still a social distance between the son and uncle (Tooke 1962:297). The word “Bawo” means father, but it is still used to address an older man whether he is blood related or not. Older women are addressed as “Mhanha” meaning mother, even if she is not blood related, they still have to name her that. Older people indicate anybody younger than them as “mntfanam” or “intfombi” which means it is their child or daughter (Tooke 1962:297). In this text it informs us that the Bhaca are a subjective group in order to portray friendliness and co-operation towards one another. These are the kinship terms that the Bhaca use to address each other. There is also a variety of roles for each descendent once they have grown up. There is importance in the order that a child is born. The oldest son usually inherits his father’s village since he gets priority in the ranks. Eventually, the oldest son takes control of the economy and legal matters. However, the senior member of the clan holds the most importance in the clan. The senior member is addressed as chief and father of his people, even the eldest son has to call him chief. The younger brothers of the chief are normally assigned