According to Arthur Kleinman, there is no better doctor-patient relationship than one where both parties are able to answer a set of eight seemingly obvious and simple questions. The key to this dynamic is the ability to answer, not the similarity between answers. The importance of this distinction could have made all the difference in the conflict in Lia Lee’s case. The introduction of eight “golden” rules to consider in health care at the end of Lia Lee’s case allow all parties to self-reflect retrospectively and consider the cosmological differences between Lia Lee’s parents and her doctors. The take-away is to eradicate the cultural term of noncompliance, as this asserts moral supremacy.…
Nathan Cha Professor Song Philosophical Perspectives 17 December 2015 The cosmological Argument In William Lane Craig’s, “The Kalam Cosmological Argument,” he argues that whatever begins to exists had a cause of its existence, and since the universe began to exist Craig claims that the universe had a cause for existing. Craig furthers his claim by stating that God is the cause for the universe existing. To object to this argument J.L. Mackie brings some questions to the table to unpack Craig’s claims.…
In the reading McCloakey talks about proofs. He believes that three proofs move ordinary theist their theism. The first proof that he speaks about is cosmological, which is the chain that every created thing is being caused right now. There is a slight argument over the creation, who is God, having a cause in the beginning. It is believed that if the proofs fail from an observational perspective; then the proof is proven false.…
What did you think of Craig's Kalam Cosmological Argument? Did you think it was a sound argument? Why or why not? Craig Kalam’s Cosmological argument argues in favor of the existence of God.…
Today I will try to explain the Cosmological Argument . The Cosmological Argument are two major arguments that explain or existence from a philosophical stand point. At the heart of these arguments lie the questions are “why does anything exist”, and “why something rather than nothing”? It also makes the point that unless God exists all other questions are unanswerable. The cosmological argument is divided into two sides as I state earlier, The Kalama Argument and, “The Argument of Contingent Existence.…
Cosmological argument The cosmological argument is a well known argument that attempts to prove the existence of God. The most common leader of the argument is Thomas Aquinas who devised Five Ways to prove the existence of God, which he referred to as “demonstration.” It comes to the conclusion that God exists from posteriori because it focuses on cause and effect to come to an assumption that God exists, which contrasts with the priori approach to the ontological argument. Linear religions generally accept that God made the universe ex nihilo because in Genesis God existed at the beginning of time; therefore, He must be the cause of the universe because you can’t have an effect without a cause.…
Hayy developed a cosmology to portray how he understood the world through the use of observation, speculation, and comparison, without it he would have never discovered how interconnected the universe was. Hayy understands the world in a way that is similar to Copernicus and the rest of previous scientists. His theory of the world stemmed from developments that took place over 28 years in seven-year increments (Ibn Ṭufayl 1150, pg. 128). Hayy understood the world through the basis of the four elements including water, earth, air, and fire. His understanding of the four elements was that they could destroy the other.…
The cosmological genre of the New Kingdom includes a wide variety of compositions detailing different aspects of the sun god’s cyclical journey, from sunset in the west each evening through sunrise and rebirth each the morning. These works describe the geography and events of the afterlife, in which the sun god encounters dangers, revives the deceased, and is ultimately renewed before rejoining the world of the living. Within the broader cosmological genre, scholars have distinguished various sub-genres, including etiological treatises, Books of the Sky, and Books of the Netherworld. The present thesis concerns those compositions that belong to the Netherworld group, which focus on the nocturnal aspect of the solar journey, which is described…
The first argument McCloskey objects is the Cosmological Argument. The Cosmological Argument is considered the argument of existence. McCloskey argues that the existence of the entire world does not make it a legit reason to believe in a higher being. He suggests the only reason people take this stance behind the Cosmological Argument is because they are reliant organisms within the world.…
In review of the three arguments related to the Proof for the Existence of a god, I found all three arguments to be very convincing, opinionating and interesting. These arguments appeared to be based on personal opinions, while convincing the reader to their beliefs from either a religious view, logical view or natural purpose view. The concept they all appeared to have in common was that they all believed god did exist, which I found to be very enlightening. My impression of each argument would be in the following comments.…
In this essay, I will be examining the different views pertaining to the cosmological argument for the existence of God as discussed by Bertrand Russell and Fr. Copleston. I will be agreeing with Lord Russell’s views that the cosmological argument has a few inherent problems and contradictions that are difficult to overcome. First, I will look at Russell's assessment on his points of necessary and analytic propositions as well as his belief that Copleston’s argument on contingency is a fallacy of composition. I will then concur with these ideas and offer my thinking as to why this opinion is more convincing than its counterpart.…
The question being asked is does Samuel Clarkes cosmological argument succeed or fail? Through his reasoning, I believe that his argument succeeds. After some thorough consideration and advising I have found all of Clarks premises, which are the steps in his argument, valid and cannot be fully proven otherwise. Clarkes cosmological argument is as follows: (1) There exists either an unending chain solely of dependent beings or there also exists at least one independent being; (2)…
In Neil DeGrasse Tyson’s person narrative “Cosmic Perspective,” he illustrates to a diverse audience that humans are not insignificant to the universe, but a link in a never-ending chain; that chain being the cosmos. This in mind, one is called to question how essays like “In the Minimum Wage Debate, Both Sides Make Valid Points” and “Speaking While Female” should, or could, be interpreted and perceived through the cosmic perspective. To do so, one must have and understanding, no matter how small, of what Tyson was explaining. Tyson’s “Cosmic Perspective” was written to recondition how a phycologist perceived Tyson’s space show, “Passport to the Universe”. The phycologist said that he was experiencing “dramatic feelings of smallness,” making…
The author Held defines cosmopolitism as this ideal that enables people to see themselves as a part of a larger cultural, moral political community. Held explains cosmopolitism with an emphasis on the roots of cosmopolitan law. One of the things he points to is “universal hospitality” the idea that everyone anywhere has the right to seek admission to any other country and they have the right to be heard. Further more they have the right to make an appearance in public and have the ability to make their case, to have a hearing for example. Held suggests what underlies this is the notion that everybody has this equal moral standing and everyone the ability to make their voice heard in the state, that they have the right to do this in a way that…
The relativist position seeks to reach a conclusion in the absence of any evidence to the contrary, succumbing to the very logical blunder that they pose their arguments against! The absence of evidence of a suprapurpose for our species implied through our general knowledge of the world does not mean that there is no possibility of an objective and general prescriptive guide to life. Concluding so is similar to concluding that since we can't see aliens, they must not exist. If we are to simplify this further, we must eventually state that an answer is not possible without a question. When we are making statements about matters regarding which a question has not been asked, we're operating on the assumption that the information our statements…