Totality-of-conditions Test and the Balance Test, proves to be the most useful in determining when prison conditions constitute cruel and unusual punishments. However, totality of conditions test, is primarily used to determine whether the overall conditions within a prison constitute cruel and unusual punishment. [1] The Pugh v. Locke, case that encompassed the “Prison Conditions” of Alabama Prisons and established the totality of conditions test. The complaint was originally filed by an inmate, jailed in G.K. Fountain Correctional Center. The complaint was later filed again, by a court appointed counsel, 1974. The court appointed counsel, sought out for financial relief for the failure of the defendant to sufficiently protect the plaintiff case of violence of the other inmates. In 1975, the case was finally heard, during a pre-trial.
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Gamble reformed what the perception of the term ‘punishment’ means within the context of the Constitution. Estelle v. Gamble is the first case to discuss the deliberate indifference standard, which is used to examine if the Eight Amendment rights of prisoners has been violated. [5] In defining, constitutional or unconstitutional, in confining an inmate to a four-by-six-foot cell or exposing an inmate to fifty-five degree temperatures, Walker v. Schult, defines what is legal holding. [6] This case set the conditions for prisons, in considering the personal space of inmates. Walker, attempt in changing the conditions for inmates proved positive results. Although, having several extenuating circumstances surrounding his complaint, the claims were reasonable. Walker, deprived of the basic necessities, subjected to unreasonable health and safety risks because of insufficient space, poor ventilation, stifling heat in summer, freezing cold in winter, unsanitary conditions, including urine and feces on the floor, too narrow a mattress, insufficient cleaning supplies, noisy crowded conditions and at constant risk of violence.
Gamble reformed what the perception of the term ‘punishment’ means within the context of the Constitution. Estelle v. Gamble is the first case to discuss the deliberate indifference standard, which is used to examine if the Eight Amendment rights of prisoners has been violated. [5] In defining, constitutional or unconstitutional, in confining an inmate to a four-by-six-foot cell or exposing an inmate to fifty-five degree temperatures, Walker v. Schult, defines what is legal holding. [6] This case set the conditions for prisons, in considering the personal space of inmates. Walker, attempt in changing the conditions for inmates proved positive results. Although, having several extenuating circumstances surrounding his complaint, the claims were reasonable. Walker, deprived of the basic necessities, subjected to unreasonable health and safety risks because of insufficient space, poor ventilation, stifling heat in summer, freezing cold in winter, unsanitary conditions, including urine and feces on the floor, too narrow a mattress, insufficient cleaning supplies, noisy crowded conditions and at constant risk of violence.