Practicum Questions

Short Answer Questions for Practicum Question 1: Write a short introduction for the study (4 marks). You should include at least two references (1 mark) Answer (max 250words): Pain has been described as being an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience, that can be associated with actual or potential tissue damage or described in terms of such damage. (IASP, 1994) However, there needs to be social and evolutionary context when attempting to understand pain itself. The biopsychosocial model of pain aims to address the interaction between the physical, psychological and social factors in the experience of a disease that causes large amounts of pain (Covic et al, 2003). In regards to social context, individuals will estimate someone’s pain …show more content…
Steinkopf, L. (2016). An Evolutionary Perspective on Pain Communication. Evolutionary Psychology, 14(2) .http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1474704916653964 Question 2: Describe the results of the practicum (2 marks) and critically discuss the results of the practicum in the context of previous evidence (2 marks). You should include at least 2 references (1 mark). Answer (max 250words): An independent sample t-test was conducted to compare evaluation in the neutral and deceiving conditions, t (117) = -.311, p= .779. An independent sample t-test was conducted to compare pain intensity in the neutral and deceiving conditions, t (117) = .934, p= .890. An independent sample t-test was conducted to compare inclination to help in the neutral and deceiving conditions, t (117) = 1.917, p= .655. An independent sample t-test was conducted to compare sympathy in the neutral and deceiving conditions, t (117) = .207, p= .587. The results of the t test show that there was no statistical significance between the conditions and the variables These results show that there is no evidence to support a direct correlation between the dependent and independent variables, this therefore invalidates the …show more content…
The stereotypes may be proved correct or wrong in regards to sympathy and expressing pain. References: Chaplin, T. (2014). Gender and Emotion Expression: A Developmental Contextual Perspective. Emotion Review, 7(1), 14-21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1754073914544408 Fillingim, R., King, C., Ribeiro-Dasilva, M., Rahim-Williams, B., & Riley, J. (2009). Sex, Gender, and Pain: A Review of Recent Clinical and Experimental Findings. The Journal Of Pain, 10(5), 447-485. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpain.2008.12.001 Keefe, F., Lefebvre, J., Egert, J., Affleck, G., Sullivan, M., & Caldwell, D. (2000). The relationship of gender to pain, pain behavior, and disability in osteoarthritis patients: the role of catastrophizing. Pain, 87(3), 325-334. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0304-3959(00)00296-7 Turk, D. & Okifuji, A. (1999). Does sex make a difference in the prescription oftreatments and the adaptation to chronic pain by cancer and non-cancer patients?. Pain, 82(2), 139-148.