Niccolò Machiavelli’s The Prince, written in 1513, stands out as the one advice book that transcended all others. In The Prince, Machiavelli argued against the humanist ideal for its insistence on the prince’s virtues as he, instead, provided a synthesis of rational deployment of force as well as the exercise of virtue. Perhaps due to his encouragement for a prince to dissemble, in other words, to make all his actions appear virtuous, whether they are so or not, Machiavelli’s political philosophy, as documented in chapter XV of The Prince, is misunderstood as one which rejects noble virtues in favor of self-interest. Unfairly accused of political scheming, Machiavelli simply provided a guideline for the survival and flourishing of the state, rather than the perseverance of a prince’s own power and wealth.…