Postoperative Nausea Vomiting Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) can directly affect the surgical patient’s outcomes, lead to diminished satisfaction, delay healing, and increase pain. Once the patient initially experiences nausea after surgery it may be difficult to treat and can result in a prolonged hospital stay thus increasing medical costs. According to Chandrakantan & Glass (2011), “studies indicate that the incidence of nausea ranges from 22% to 38% and the incidence of vomiting ranges from 12% to 26%” (p. 27). While these may seem like low percentages they are still an issue within the recovery department and can negatively affect the patient. Medical Doctor Patricia Kapur deemed postoperative nausea and vomiting as the big
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The origin of postoperative nausea is said to be “a forebrain pathway” while vomiting “occurs due a hindbrain central pathway generator (Moon, 2014, p. 164). There is a multitude of different stimuli that may trigger the body’s involuntary response to become nauseous. “In particular, the chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ) located in the fourth ventricle of the brainstem lies outside the blood-brain barrier and is therefore exposed to drugs, such as inhalational anesthetics and opioids” (Moon, 2014, p. 164). Medications commonly used to treat pain are usually the guilty culprit causing nausea and …show more content…
These antiemetic therapy agents included midazolam and ramosetron and were distributed blindly amongst three groups one receiving midazolam at the induction of anesthesia, the other received the same drug thirty minutes prior to the end of surgery and the last group receiving only ramosetron at the end of surgery (Park et al., 2013). Those treated with midazolam were also given a 0.3 mg dose of ramosetron at the end of their surgeries (Park et al, 2013). This study concluded that those who were given an antiemetic “at induction of anesthesia or at the end of the surgery, combined with ramosetron, was more effective than ramosetron alone in reducing the incidence of PONV” (Park et al., 2013, p 655). The evidence surrounding this study still displays a mere twenty-seven percent of patients receiving an antiemetic prior to surgery reported postoperative nausea and vomiting (Park et al.,
The origin of postoperative nausea is said to be “a forebrain pathway” while vomiting “occurs due a hindbrain central pathway generator (Moon, 2014, p. 164). There is a multitude of different stimuli that may trigger the body’s involuntary response to become nauseous. “In particular, the chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ) located in the fourth ventricle of the brainstem lies outside the blood-brain barrier and is therefore exposed to drugs, such as inhalational anesthetics and opioids” (Moon, 2014, p. 164). Medications commonly used to treat pain are usually the guilty culprit causing nausea and …show more content…
These antiemetic therapy agents included midazolam and ramosetron and were distributed blindly amongst three groups one receiving midazolam at the induction of anesthesia, the other received the same drug thirty minutes prior to the end of surgery and the last group receiving only ramosetron at the end of surgery (Park et al., 2013). Those treated with midazolam were also given a 0.3 mg dose of ramosetron at the end of their surgeries (Park et al, 2013). This study concluded that those who were given an antiemetic “at induction of anesthesia or at the end of the surgery, combined with ramosetron, was more effective than ramosetron alone in reducing the incidence of PONV” (Park et al., 2013, p 655). The evidence surrounding this study still displays a mere twenty-seven percent of patients receiving an antiemetic prior to surgery reported postoperative nausea and vomiting (Park et al.,