Postoperative measurements included time to first analgesia and VAS [6].
Postoperative pain at rest and movement was evaluated using a 10 cm unmarked line, in which 0 = no pain and 10 cm = worst pain imaginable, at 6 h interval on the first day postoperatively and then daily for 2 days.
Movement consisted of abduction of the arm on the operated side by 90°. Patients were evaluated 6 months later for incidence of chronic postmastectomy pain using a short questionnaire (Table 1).
Amount of morphine usage during the first 72 h postoperatively and incidence of sedation were recorded. Sedation scores were rated using the sedation scale [8]: awake and alert = 0; sleepy/responds = 1; asleep but easily roused = 2; and deep sleep = 3. Sedation was defined …show more content…
Statistical analysis revealed no significant differences between groups as regards demographic data, duration of the operative procedure, duration of anesthesia, and ASA status of the patients.
Hemodynamic profile, including MABP and HR, in the two groups were comparable as regards the preoperative and postintubation assessment values.
There was a significant decrease in MABP and HR in group I compared with group II from 1 min after skin incision assessment value onwards. None of the patients in group I developed either hypotension (more than 20% drop in MABP than preanesthetic values) or bradycardia below 50 beats/min (Tables 3 and 4).
As regards maintenance measurements, the end tidal concentration of isoflurane was significantly lower in group I to maintain a BIS of 40–50 compared with that in group II (P < 0.0001). There was a significant decrease in fentanyl requirement in the operating room in group I than in group II (117.5 ± 16.4 and
221 ± 23.6, respectively) (P < 0.0001) (Table 3).
However, muscle relaxant consumption was comparable in both groups (P = 0.36) (Table 5).
Times to endotracheal extubation and response to verbal command were significantly shorter in group I than in group II (P = 0.003 and P <
Postoperative pain at rest and movement was evaluated using a 10 cm unmarked line, in which 0 = no pain and 10 cm = worst pain imaginable, at 6 h interval on the first day postoperatively and then daily for 2 days.
Movement consisted of abduction of the arm on the operated side by 90°. Patients were evaluated 6 months later for incidence of chronic postmastectomy pain using a short questionnaire (Table 1).
Amount of morphine usage during the first 72 h postoperatively and incidence of sedation were recorded. Sedation scores were rated using the sedation scale [8]: awake and alert = 0; sleepy/responds = 1; asleep but easily roused = 2; and deep sleep = 3. Sedation was defined …show more content…
Statistical analysis revealed no significant differences between groups as regards demographic data, duration of the operative procedure, duration of anesthesia, and ASA status of the patients.
Hemodynamic profile, including MABP and HR, in the two groups were comparable as regards the preoperative and postintubation assessment values.
There was a significant decrease in MABP and HR in group I compared with group II from 1 min after skin incision assessment value onwards. None of the patients in group I developed either hypotension (more than 20% drop in MABP than preanesthetic values) or bradycardia below 50 beats/min (Tables 3 and 4).
As regards maintenance measurements, the end tidal concentration of isoflurane was significantly lower in group I to maintain a BIS of 40–50 compared with that in group II (P < 0.0001). There was a significant decrease in fentanyl requirement in the operating room in group I than in group II (117.5 ± 16.4 and
221 ± 23.6, respectively) (P < 0.0001) (Table 3).
However, muscle relaxant consumption was comparable in both groups (P = 0.36) (Table 5).
Times to endotracheal extubation and response to verbal command were significantly shorter in group I than in group II (P = 0.003 and P <