Socrates’ argument at the end of Apology is that death is a blessing in one of two ways. It is either a “state of nothingness” or it is a “migration of the soul.” If death is comprised of nothingness, then it should be looked forward to because it would be a peaceful and restful sleep. On the other hand, if death is a migration of his soul, then Socrates would be able to be in the presence of the great people that have died before him, so he would be able to enjoy the afterlife surrounded by great figures that he could question regarding their wisdom. Socrates’ argument that death is a “state of nothingness” is self-contradictory because something cannot become nothing if it was once something, so his argument that death would comprise…
Exposition: In Phaedo, there’s a conversation between Phaedo, Echecrates, and other various people. They discuss the theory of forms and the arguments for the immortality of the soul. They begin to discuss the immortality of the soul. This is called the cyclical argument; the first premise of the immortality of the soul is that all things that have opposites come from their opposites.…
He believes that he must follow his fate and God’s will for him no matter what is the situation. This made him even stronger to accept the fact that he is going to die. Crito argued that in the opinion of many people, both Socrates and his friends will be criticized if he does not make effort to escape. Socrates argues in defense by stating the danger that comes when following public opinion. He illustrates that the opinion of some should be considered and the opinion of others should be disregarded.…
In todays society we find many experts is the fields that they have studied in. You can find an expert in mathematics, science and an expert harpist. In order to prove that they are an expert one must only perform these tasks in such a way to show that they possess expert skills or knowledge. In order for them to gain such knowledge they often will train, study and learn such tasks from teachers, scholars or such experts in the field. In Plato’s work, The Crito, Socrates explores such a question and asks if there is an expert of the human soul.…
Echecrates, knowing that Phaedo was present in the moments leading to Socrates’ execution, pleads with him to recount his final conversation with Socrates. Phaedo notes that a number of Socrates’ friends were present in his cell including Crito and two Pythagorean philosophers, Simmias and Cerbes. The group’s discussion begins with Socrates presenting a central theme of the text: that philosopher should look forward to death. Although he argues that suicide lacks a moral justification, Socrates maintains that the life of a philosopher is a preparation for death. He first claims that death is a release of the soul from the body.…
The exchange happens in the little Peloponnesian town of Phlius, home to Echecrates. Echecrates is being gone to by Phaedo, one of Socrates' admirers who was available at his passing. Echecrates has heard the account of Socrates' trial (described in The Apology), yet has additionally heard that there was a long defer between the trial and Socrates' execution. Phaedo brings up that the day preceding the trial of Socrates, the Athenians had wrapped up the boat to Delos. Consistently, the Athenians send a boat to Delos to observe Theseus' triumph over the minotaur to pay tribute to the god Apollo, and amid this time, no detainees might be executed.…
Unit 3 - Synopsis of Reading "Socrates: A Life Examined", Pgs 61-91 In chapter 3 of Socrates: A Life Examined, author Luis E. Navia introduces us to a second Socratic testimony written by another one of Socrates’ contemporaries, Xenophon. Within this chapter we discuss some major bibliographical details of Xenophon and his involvement with Socrates. As well as his most important Socratic works, their significance with the Socratic problem, and their differences with writings of other contemporaries, such as Aristophanes. Most importantly, Xenophon’s Socratic contribution helps shed light on the reason why Socrates seemed to choose death over anything else.…
Plato taught that every person should focus on the virtue that was most necessary for ones position in society. The most noble of virtues was justice to one’s self, or rather justice is to act in a manner that reflects what is inherent in one’s soul. True satisfaction, according to Plato, can be found in preforming the task to which you are most suited, wither it was what you wanted to-do or not. If every citizen were to place the needs of the state above one’s own happiness then as a collective the state and those in it would be conforming to an order that is the…
For in Plato’s Phaedo, the soul is understood to merely be harbored in the body for a brief period. According to the Argument from the Form of Life, the soul, as being what gives life to a body, is the form of life thereby and cannot admit the opposite form, which is death (Plato 105D). Hence, the soul is indeed deathless (Plato 105E). We can see that the establishment of a kind of dualism motivates this argument. The soul is successful characterized as completely distinct and separate from the body.…
This section of “Plato’s Republic” demonstrates key ideas of the soul from Socrates view point. From the start of this section Socrates introduces his ideas to Glaucon. Socrates believed that cities have three attributes. He goes on to explain that since the attributes of a city come from the people living within, the soul must also be split into three attributes. Socrates attempts to break down the soul into three different categories; the part of the soul that learns or thinks (rational), the part of the soul that desires pleasure, and the part of the soul that is spirit.…
Socrates states in the Apology, “To fear death … is no other than to think oneself wise when one is not, to think one knows what one does not know” (29a). Fearing death is a form of ignorance. Socrates demonstrates he is not afraid of death because he does not have all the information to base his opinion of death. In addition, Socrates does not fear death because he is excited for the fact that he may continue his search for truth by examining the souls of the dead. Death may be a blessing in disguise or a curse.…
In the Phaedo, Plato provides several arguments in an attempt to prove the immorality of the soul. In this essay, I will focus on his Final Argument, which describes the Forms as causes, subject to destruction or displacement when the particular undergoes some change. Next, I will show how Socrates applies these ideas to argue for the immortality of the soul. Finally, I will present a few reservations I have about the validity of this argument.…
According to his speech “ To fear death, gentlemen, is no other than think oneself wise when one is not, to think one knows what one does not know” (29a, p9). By this, he is implying that death is a mystery that is hard to understand, but is not to be feared. Socrates supports this idea by saying, “No one knows whether death is may not be the greatest of blessings for a man, yet man fear it as if they knew that it is the greatest of evils” (29a, p9). According to Socrates, people see mortality as something bad; even they have no knowledge about it. They claim so because they are scared of it.…
According to this view of reality, the physical self inherently wants those things which the philosophers of the time thought of as evil (Phaedo, 66b). Clearly in all of this, this philosopher is demonstrating that he identifies not with his physical self, but rather almost exclusively with his mind. Perhaps the boldest statement in this regard is made through Plato’s usual representative character, Socrates, in…
In court, he says that his behavior to question everything is because of the Oracle of Delphi and he finally understood why it said that he was the wise man in the city if Athens. Socrates does not fear death, instead he believes that fearing death is the same as someone believing that they are wise whereas in reality they are not. Socrates says that he does not fear things which he doesn’t know has no knowledge about(pg.8) Socrates also believes that people will not do bad things if they had known better, “if I learn better, I shall cease to do what I am doing unwillingly (pg. 5)”. This quote is told by Socrates when Meletus accused him of corrupting the youth, saying that he did not know that it was bad for the youth to leave their families and follow him.…