whatever the process, the goal is to make the drug easier to excrete. Individual drug metabolism rates are influenced by genetic factors, coexisting disorders and drug interactions (inhibition and induction).
For many drugs, metabolism occurs in 2 phases. Phase 1 reaction involves the formation of a new or modified functional group or cleavage (oxidation, reduction etc); these reactions are nonsynthetic. Phase 2 reactions involve conjugation with an endogenous substance (glycine, sulphate); these are synthetic reactions. Metabolites formed in synthetic reactions are more polar and thus are more easily excreted by the kidneys and the liver. Cytochrome P-450
The most important enzyme system of phase 1 metabolism is cytochrome P-450 (CYP450),
For many drugs, metabolism occurs in 2 phases. Phase 1 reaction involves the formation of a new or modified functional group or cleavage (oxidation, reduction etc); these reactions are nonsynthetic. Phase 2 reactions involve conjugation with an endogenous substance (glycine, sulphate); these are synthetic reactions. Metabolites formed in synthetic reactions are more polar and thus are more easily excreted by the kidneys and the liver. Cytochrome P-450
The most important enzyme system of phase 1 metabolism is cytochrome P-450 (CYP450),