Assessments are designed to determine whether there is a problem, distinguish an individual strengths and weaknesses, predict the future course of disorders, classify the problem and provide useful tips for intervention. Clinicians use these ideas to assess the clients’ behavior by a set of guided questions. The Personality Assessment Inventory (PAI) is a self-administered tool that provides information relevant to the clinical diagnosis, treatment and screenings for psychopathology (Morey, 2012). This assessment was created as an alternative to the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory that was designed to assess abnormal personality traits. The PAI was designed to be easily scored by hand and is characterized by a 344 item Likert scale
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Personality measures were constructed and validated using college students and other educated individuals. The NEO-PI-R assesses personality traits across different populations. Though the study diversifies these cultures, researchers still rely on college students as respondents to provide the normative sample as compared to the census (Sutin, 2013). The target populations consist of psychiatric patients, substance abusers, and the general population. Depending on the nature of the study, most participate ages range from 24 to 60. Participant should be able to give consent and attest to medical history survey, physical performance, and cognitive testing. Researchers address personality traits across different populations, including gender and age (Sutin, 2013). The quality of data associated with fact that structure personality traits show that African Americans and Whites are both above and below 125% of the federal poverty line and also those with higher and lower literacy rates. African-Americans have a bit higher percentage with the NEO-PI-R because they agree with items without fully understanding their content, but invalidity relates more to education than to ethnicity. It goes without saying that literacy and education are not equivalent, but literacy shows to be more important when predicting outcomes of …show more content…
Those event included education level, marital status, employment status (full-time, part-time, seasonal or temporary), history of suicide attempt, past psychiatric hospitalization., history of physical or sexual trauma, current medical problems, history of hallucinations, paranoid ideation, drug abuse, alcohol abuse, and arrests (Jenelle Slavin-Mulford, External Validity of the Personality Assessment Inventory (PAI) in a Clinical Sample, 2012). The evetns were significant and scored as such because the degree of outcomes, categorized as positive (education, employment, or marriage), psychiatric severity (hallucination, paranoid ideation, trauma, suicide attempts and hospitalization), physical health (medical problems), and negative outcomes (alcohol abuse, drug abuse, and
Personality measures were constructed and validated using college students and other educated individuals. The NEO-PI-R assesses personality traits across different populations. Though the study diversifies these cultures, researchers still rely on college students as respondents to provide the normative sample as compared to the census (Sutin, 2013). The target populations consist of psychiatric patients, substance abusers, and the general population. Depending on the nature of the study, most participate ages range from 24 to 60. Participant should be able to give consent and attest to medical history survey, physical performance, and cognitive testing. Researchers address personality traits across different populations, including gender and age (Sutin, 2013). The quality of data associated with fact that structure personality traits show that African Americans and Whites are both above and below 125% of the federal poverty line and also those with higher and lower literacy rates. African-Americans have a bit higher percentage with the NEO-PI-R because they agree with items without fully understanding their content, but invalidity relates more to education than to ethnicity. It goes without saying that literacy and education are not equivalent, but literacy shows to be more important when predicting outcomes of …show more content…
Those event included education level, marital status, employment status (full-time, part-time, seasonal or temporary), history of suicide attempt, past psychiatric hospitalization., history of physical or sexual trauma, current medical problems, history of hallucinations, paranoid ideation, drug abuse, alcohol abuse, and arrests (Jenelle Slavin-Mulford, External Validity of the Personality Assessment Inventory (PAI) in a Clinical Sample, 2012). The evetns were significant and scored as such because the degree of outcomes, categorized as positive (education, employment, or marriage), psychiatric severity (hallucination, paranoid ideation, trauma, suicide attempts and hospitalization), physical health (medical problems), and negative outcomes (alcohol abuse, drug abuse, and