Permissive parents sit at the opposite end of the spectrum to authoritarian parents. Baumrind (1975) explains that permissive parenting reflects the absence of restraint. Permissive parents tend to be indulgent and assert little parental control (Kail & Cavanaugh, 2010).). Furthermore, permissive parenting styles tend to be highly responsive, accepting and allow for an environment in which a child is able to self-regulate free of rules or discipline. Baumrind (1975) indicates that children of permissive parents tend to be passive and socially conforming. In addition, she points out a lack of self-confidences and achievement orientation. The lack of appropriate boundaries and parental control may lead to inefficiencies and poor emotional regulation.
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According to Erikson’s first developmental stage an infant is born with a set of innate reflexes which are there as a means of adaption and survival (Kail & Cavanaugh, 2010). The infant child is concerned with having his or her basic needs met. A permissive parent is said to be indulgent and behaves in an affirmative manner towards a child’s impulses desires and actions (Baumrind, 1975). Thus, a permissive parent may at this stage of development provide adequate care for the infant child and fulfil their basic needs to care and nurture. In contrast, the permissive parent may also promote dependant behaviour which will impact their development when trying to achieve autonomy. Although the non-directive approach allows for exploration, the lack of boundaries and proper guidance may place a child in a harmful situation where they are given the responsibility to …show more content…
Children of authoritative parents tend to perform well from both a behavioural and cognitive perspective. The combination of warmth, parental control and affection make this type of parenting the most ideal (Kail & Cavanaugh, 2010). Authoritative parenting styles encourage verbal engagement and provide autonomy within careful boundaries. Furthermore, children of authoritative parents are encouraged through reinforcement of appropriate qualities. Baumrind (2013) explains that authoritative parents value both indepenance and compliance with conceiving the child’s freedom to think and act autonomously.
Authoritative parenting proves beneficial in all stages of psychosocial development as there is a balance of control, wrath and affirmation. At each stage a child requires this equilibrium in order to enhance the particular psychosocial strength found at each stage. When assessing cognitive factors, authoritative parenting is positively linked with the ability to understand consequences, find resolutions and have the balance of freedom and responsibility to develop (Baumrind, 1966).
According to Erikson’s first developmental stage an infant is born with a set of innate reflexes which are there as a means of adaption and survival (Kail & Cavanaugh, 2010). The infant child is concerned with having his or her basic needs met. A permissive parent is said to be indulgent and behaves in an affirmative manner towards a child’s impulses desires and actions (Baumrind, 1975). Thus, a permissive parent may at this stage of development provide adequate care for the infant child and fulfil their basic needs to care and nurture. In contrast, the permissive parent may also promote dependant behaviour which will impact their development when trying to achieve autonomy. Although the non-directive approach allows for exploration, the lack of boundaries and proper guidance may place a child in a harmful situation where they are given the responsibility to …show more content…
Children of authoritative parents tend to perform well from both a behavioural and cognitive perspective. The combination of warmth, parental control and affection make this type of parenting the most ideal (Kail & Cavanaugh, 2010). Authoritative parenting styles encourage verbal engagement and provide autonomy within careful boundaries. Furthermore, children of authoritative parents are encouraged through reinforcement of appropriate qualities. Baumrind (2013) explains that authoritative parents value both indepenance and compliance with conceiving the child’s freedom to think and act autonomously.
Authoritative parenting proves beneficial in all stages of psychosocial development as there is a balance of control, wrath and affirmation. At each stage a child requires this equilibrium in order to enhance the particular psychosocial strength found at each stage. When assessing cognitive factors, authoritative parenting is positively linked with the ability to understand consequences, find resolutions and have the balance of freedom and responsibility to develop (Baumrind, 1966).