Prior to surgery the patient should be physically, emotionally, and mentally prepared by the surgical team, including nursing staff. The first step in patient care is assessment. During the patient assessment, the nurse should collect subjecting and objective patient information. The nursing should do a general psychological assessment. This should include discussing the patient’s anxiety, fear, and hope. Patient apprehension may steam from pass experiences, or lack of medical knowledge. The patient may be afraid of death, pain, or altered lifestyle. Many of these feelings can be eased by increasing the patient’s personal knowledge on what the surgery is, why they are having it, and what to expect afterwards. Often times, the patient simply
