The role the federal government played in fostering participatory politics at the local level initiated when federal funds were given to city governments in Chicago as to “encourage citizen participation by establishing advisory councils, by holding public hearings on city programs, budgets, and legislation, and by asking for neighborhood input in physical planning” (Gentile & Simpson, 353). It is explained that the empowerment of people in participatory politics occurred through the implementation of the Community Action Programs (CAPs) during the War on Poverty that demanded citizens to participate and engage in politics; however, the initiative was overshadowed by the implementation of the Urban Renewal and Model Cities programs. Both initiatives
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Independents were driven by the desire to work for specific causes and devoted their time to address peoples’ concerns in exchange of “commitment of both time and money”. Also, independents from the organization empower people to contribute to their city and, at a local level, make important contributions to their communities. Hence, part of the evolution of participatory politics was the commitment of members to foster a sense of community among citizens. This engagement would facilitate the development of “both responsive government, capable leaders, and competent citizens” as oppose to look for the defeat of the Daley regime. Simpson’s tactics aim to amplify his voice in the movement of democracy and thus involve constituents to actively be part of it. It was a reciprocal relationship where Simpson invited people to share their expectations while promoting citizen participation. As humans, we have the ability to adapt to our own opinions new ones and this will inevitable lead for progress, so I feel that is what Dick Simpson attempted to do when he concerned himself with others peoples’ condition. He provided a space to exercise open discussions and incited citizen to integrate their ideas to policies. The domination that Daley’s machine had over city council politics did not stop reformers to promote participation in civic life, and the mayor’s inability to relate with social issues led to the formation of the Independent Precinct Organization and the Forty-Fourth Ward Assembly as both “allow citizens to have a voice in and control over public and private discussions affecting their lives” (pp. CH 4) The IPO promoted the conditions for Chicagoans to become involve in participatory democracy by seeking out and engaging those interested in making an impact in government decision. The success of the organization was due to the electoral
Independents were driven by the desire to work for specific causes and devoted their time to address peoples’ concerns in exchange of “commitment of both time and money”. Also, independents from the organization empower people to contribute to their city and, at a local level, make important contributions to their communities. Hence, part of the evolution of participatory politics was the commitment of members to foster a sense of community among citizens. This engagement would facilitate the development of “both responsive government, capable leaders, and competent citizens” as oppose to look for the defeat of the Daley regime. Simpson’s tactics aim to amplify his voice in the movement of democracy and thus involve constituents to actively be part of it. It was a reciprocal relationship where Simpson invited people to share their expectations while promoting citizen participation. As humans, we have the ability to adapt to our own opinions new ones and this will inevitable lead for progress, so I feel that is what Dick Simpson attempted to do when he concerned himself with others peoples’ condition. He provided a space to exercise open discussions and incited citizen to integrate their ideas to policies. The domination that Daley’s machine had over city council politics did not stop reformers to promote participation in civic life, and the mayor’s inability to relate with social issues led to the formation of the Independent Precinct Organization and the Forty-Fourth Ward Assembly as both “allow citizens to have a voice in and control over public and private discussions affecting their lives” (pp. CH 4) The IPO promoted the conditions for Chicagoans to become involve in participatory democracy by seeking out and engaging those interested in making an impact in government decision. The success of the organization was due to the electoral