INTRODUCTION
The Berlin Treaty, which was signed in 1878 between Ottoman Empire, Russian Empire, United Kingdom, Austria-Hungary, France, Germany and Italy, revised the Treaty of San Stefano in the same year, was the turning point for Armenian Question and Eastern Question. As a result of this treaty, the situation in the Balkans was settled to a large extent by European Powers in accordance with their interest. However, the Armenian Question was suspended for the next decades. The decision taken by European Powers as to Armenia during the Berlin Treaty was that Sublime Port would make reforms in the places where the population mostly consist of the Armenians. Throughout the next decades, the Armenian Question became a complicated subject …show more content…
The president of the Delegation from the Armenian Republic to the Peace Conference, A. Aharonian and the president of the Armenian National Delegation Boghos Nubar submitted a memorandum to the Paris Peace Conference as to the Armenian demands. According to this memorandum, they defined the Armenian borders which are the seven vilayets of Bitlis, Van, Kharpout, Diarbekir, Trebizon, Sivas and Erzeroum; four Cilician sancaks which are Khozan (Sis), Djebel-Bereket, Adana together with the Alexandretta and Marash. Also, they claimed all the Armenian territory in the Caucasus including Kars and Ardahan (Nubar, p. 5). This was the first international conference that Armenian people showed their demands to the international community. They also mentioned about mandatory rule that “The Armenian Conference, gathered at the present moment in Paris, and representing the whole Armenian Nation, should be consulted about the choice of the Mandatory Power. The mandate to be of a maximum duration of twenty years” (Nubar, p. 7). The tendency among Armenians about mandatory was toward the USA. For example, the letter sent from American Diplomatic Mission in Egypt of Hampson Gary to Secretary of State, Robert Lansing, Washington mentioned that Armenian Catholicos of Cilicia, Sahag II expressed his desire and sympathy toward American …show more content…
This movement started changing balance in Anatolia and also they did not accept the Treaty of Sevres. That is why a new conference held in London in order to revise the Treaty of Sevres by Allied Powers and Turkey. However, the sides of conference could not make any decisions due to strong controversial arguments. This progress of the Turks in Anatolia distressed Armenians and it reverberated the memorandum presented to British Armenie Committee. It is mentioned on this memorandum that the Armenian Question turns into a fragile stage because of London Conference. The subject of the conference will be the certain modification of the Treaty of Sevres. He emphasized that Armenian people should prevent any kind of initiative which predicts alteration on the treaty (Nubar, May 12, 1921). This is an example of separation between Allies because as the nationalist movement rose in Anatolia, the divergence between Allies increased. As the divergence increased among Allies, they started to search other alternatives. For example, after Armenian people understood that the balance in Anatolia has started chancing, they again started to get the US help. For example, a memorandum on Armenia presented to the government of the United States by the Armenian National Union of America explained the reasons why United States should help to Armenia.
The Berlin Treaty, which was signed in 1878 between Ottoman Empire, Russian Empire, United Kingdom, Austria-Hungary, France, Germany and Italy, revised the Treaty of San Stefano in the same year, was the turning point for Armenian Question and Eastern Question. As a result of this treaty, the situation in the Balkans was settled to a large extent by European Powers in accordance with their interest. However, the Armenian Question was suspended for the next decades. The decision taken by European Powers as to Armenia during the Berlin Treaty was that Sublime Port would make reforms in the places where the population mostly consist of the Armenians. Throughout the next decades, the Armenian Question became a complicated subject …show more content…
The president of the Delegation from the Armenian Republic to the Peace Conference, A. Aharonian and the president of the Armenian National Delegation Boghos Nubar submitted a memorandum to the Paris Peace Conference as to the Armenian demands. According to this memorandum, they defined the Armenian borders which are the seven vilayets of Bitlis, Van, Kharpout, Diarbekir, Trebizon, Sivas and Erzeroum; four Cilician sancaks which are Khozan (Sis), Djebel-Bereket, Adana together with the Alexandretta and Marash. Also, they claimed all the Armenian territory in the Caucasus including Kars and Ardahan (Nubar, p. 5). This was the first international conference that Armenian people showed their demands to the international community. They also mentioned about mandatory rule that “The Armenian Conference, gathered at the present moment in Paris, and representing the whole Armenian Nation, should be consulted about the choice of the Mandatory Power. The mandate to be of a maximum duration of twenty years” (Nubar, p. 7). The tendency among Armenians about mandatory was toward the USA. For example, the letter sent from American Diplomatic Mission in Egypt of Hampson Gary to Secretary of State, Robert Lansing, Washington mentioned that Armenian Catholicos of Cilicia, Sahag II expressed his desire and sympathy toward American …show more content…
This movement started changing balance in Anatolia and also they did not accept the Treaty of Sevres. That is why a new conference held in London in order to revise the Treaty of Sevres by Allied Powers and Turkey. However, the sides of conference could not make any decisions due to strong controversial arguments. This progress of the Turks in Anatolia distressed Armenians and it reverberated the memorandum presented to British Armenie Committee. It is mentioned on this memorandum that the Armenian Question turns into a fragile stage because of London Conference. The subject of the conference will be the certain modification of the Treaty of Sevres. He emphasized that Armenian people should prevent any kind of initiative which predicts alteration on the treaty (Nubar, May 12, 1921). This is an example of separation between Allies because as the nationalist movement rose in Anatolia, the divergence between Allies increased. As the divergence increased among Allies, they started to search other alternatives. For example, after Armenian people understood that the balance in Anatolia has started chancing, they again started to get the US help. For example, a memorandum on Armenia presented to the government of the United States by the Armenian National Union of America explained the reasons why United States should help to Armenia.