They were enlisted in the study via letters sent to parents. Those that were accepted into the study had an ADHD rating scale filled out by their parents if they chose the items labeled as ‘often’ or ‘very often’ less than three times. In addition to this, accepted children had an IQ greater than 80. In this study, researchers measured the interactions between the caregivers and the kids by placing the caregivers into three successive tasks which included: filling out a worksheet, liberated recreation and re-doing a model with building blocks. These interactions were recorded and trained raters assigned a score based on a five-point scale, with higher values illustrating a more optimistic parenting. Negative affect, emotionally supportive parenting and parent support for child autonomy were among the different measures that were taken. Furthermore, an interview was conducted to identify the presence of psychiatric illnesses in these children. Teacher’s reports in recognizing which kids in the class were more prone of bullying behaviors were also a key …show more content…
Then, correlations were measure and lastly, a modeling known as “Hierarchical Linear Modeling” (Parenting and changes in school bullies, 3) was employed to measure the initial levels of bullying and the change in bullying over a period of time. After a throughout analysis of the data, researchers found that children who were not diagnosed with either ADHD or ODD were not likely to be bullies compared to those diagnosed with these behavioral disorders. Furthermore, the results illustrate a significant fall in bullying over the period in which the study was conducted. Of all the measures, “parent support for child autonomy” was extensively related to a decrease of bullying over time. As a final point, researchers concluded that parents of bullies have been reported to be more authoritarian and that they do not provide their kids with affection and recognition; instead, they employ harsh discipline approaches. This observation suggests that parenting that is more supportive and that promote child autonomy might be related to children’s lower participation in bullying. Finally, researchers recommended the development of more parental training, one that teaches how to nurture kids in a supportive manner, thus lowering the risk of having more bullies in our