According the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition Birnie meets two criteria, Paraphilia and Sexual Sadism Disorder. Paraphilia is the definition for an individual with inappropriate sexual norms ( McManus, Hargreaves, Rainbow & Alison, (2013). The official definition in the DSM V is “ The term paraphilia denotes any intense and persistent sexual interest other than sexual interest in genital stimulation or preparatory fondling with phenotypically normal, physically mature, consenting human partners”. For the diagnosis of this disorder one must have had recurrent and intense sexual fantasies, urges and behaviour for a period of no less than six months and be to the physical or psychological detriment of another.
