experiments on white blood cells showed that the nuclein dissolved in weak alkalies but not in water and acids. Later studies demonstrated that all living organisms have DNA and that any kinds of cell such as hair, skin, or plant cells all have DNA. Plenty of research and experimentation went into solving the structure of DNA and the invention of paper chromatography allowed Erwin Chargaff (1905-2002) to make a contribution in establishing the structure of DNA and how it transmitted genetic information. In 1950 he used paper chromatography to separate organic bases and measure the amount of each base in order to determine the ratio of the bases adenine-thymine (A-T) and cytosine-guanine (C-G) in DNA were constant and equal. This would in turn allow Watson and Crick to recognize base pairings and disproved the previous tetranucleotide model. Further studies on DNA were conducted using X-rays, discovered in 1895 by Wilhelm Rontgen (1845-1923), by both Maurice Wilkins
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Faraday’s experiments such as the motor principle demonstrated that an electric motor converts electrical energy to mechanical motion expanded the research already done by Ampere and Oersted. He also established other principles including those of the transformer, generator, and electromagnetic induction. James Maxwell developed an electromagnetic theory of radiation which he proposed that the ether transmitted electromagnetic radiation as a wave through space at the speed of light. The discovery of the electron in 1897 and its radiation of energy confirmed Maxwell’s suspicions; this later led him to state that light is a form of electromagnetic radiation. The electrodynamic field underwent quantitative mathematical advancement when Maxwell proved mathematically supported Faraday’s experiments and in turn completed the physical sciences in its
Faraday’s experiments such as the motor principle demonstrated that an electric motor converts electrical energy to mechanical motion expanded the research already done by Ampere and Oersted. He also established other principles including those of the transformer, generator, and electromagnetic induction. James Maxwell developed an electromagnetic theory of radiation which he proposed that the ether transmitted electromagnetic radiation as a wave through space at the speed of light. The discovery of the electron in 1897 and its radiation of energy confirmed Maxwell’s suspicions; this later led him to state that light is a form of electromagnetic radiation. The electrodynamic field underwent quantitative mathematical advancement when Maxwell proved mathematically supported Faraday’s experiments and in turn completed the physical sciences in its