Introduction
Pain is mainly subjective experience and patient’s self-report is most reliable source of the pain (Pasero and McCaffery, 1999).Pain assessment is a vital part of nursing care in intensive care unit. However, inability of critically ill ventilated patients to verbalise their pain consider main barriers to effective pain assessment (Urden et al., 2008). Additional barriers came from health professionals and environment .Under-treatment of pain in critically ill patient wildly addressed and it may leads to significant physical and psychological sequences to patients. Availability of evidence-based pain assessment guidelines and appropriate pain assessment tools in critical care setting enhance effective pain assessment and decrease …show more content…
Puntillo (1991) and Watt-Watson and Donovan (1992) discussed the significant of nursing pain assessment in critical care area. Firstly, appropriate pain assessment in term of location, cause, and severity can lead to proper management and prevent under treatment. Secondly, proper nurses’ pain assessment can inhibit patients from developing the physical and psychological consequences of unmanaged pain such as myocardial ischemia, respiratory impairment, anxiety, sleeplessness, and confusion(Macintyre and Ready, 2001; Phillips and Cousins, 1986).Third, the physician treatment plan can be significantly influenced by nursing pain assessment (Turk and Melzack, 2011). Regular pain assessment for ventilated patients can reduce the period of mechanical ventilation and therefore reduce rate of nosocomial acquired infections in critical care setting (Chanques et al., 2006).Hamill and Rowlingson (1994) discussed the goals of pain assessment and they correlated it mainly with interventions. The goals of pain assessment
Pain is mainly subjective experience and patient’s self-report is most reliable source of the pain (Pasero and McCaffery, 1999).Pain assessment is a vital part of nursing care in intensive care unit. However, inability of critically ill ventilated patients to verbalise their pain consider main barriers to effective pain assessment (Urden et al., 2008). Additional barriers came from health professionals and environment .Under-treatment of pain in critically ill patient wildly addressed and it may leads to significant physical and psychological sequences to patients. Availability of evidence-based pain assessment guidelines and appropriate pain assessment tools in critical care setting enhance effective pain assessment and decrease …show more content…
Puntillo (1991) and Watt-Watson and Donovan (1992) discussed the significant of nursing pain assessment in critical care area. Firstly, appropriate pain assessment in term of location, cause, and severity can lead to proper management and prevent under treatment. Secondly, proper nurses’ pain assessment can inhibit patients from developing the physical and psychological consequences of unmanaged pain such as myocardial ischemia, respiratory impairment, anxiety, sleeplessness, and confusion(Macintyre and Ready, 2001; Phillips and Cousins, 1986).Third, the physician treatment plan can be significantly influenced by nursing pain assessment (Turk and Melzack, 2011). Regular pain assessment for ventilated patients can reduce the period of mechanical ventilation and therefore reduce rate of nosocomial acquired infections in critical care setting (Chanques et al., 2006).Hamill and Rowlingson (1994) discussed the goals of pain assessment and they correlated it mainly with interventions. The goals of pain assessment