Kroger also faces higher labor costs and increased labor risks than the three competitors in this analysis (Walmart, Target, Walgreens) due to the presence of a union, which none of the other three competitors must deal with (2016 Form10-K, p. 4).
Kroger is also the owner of a large amount of debt. So high is their debt, that their debt/equity ratio is 2.37 times the size of the next closest competitor mentioned here (Target) (2016 Form 10-K, p. 5). The debt/equity ratio represents how much debt a company is using to fund its assets relative to the amount of equity it has. For Kroger to have that much higher of a debt/equity ratio than its nearest peer is troublesome. Walmart has fuel centers of their own that counteract Kroger’s fuel centers (2016 Form 10-K, p. 8). Walmart has a large online presence that Kroger has not yet been able to match as well. One edge Kroger does hold over Walmart is the fact