Two distinct concepts, self-efficacy and self-esteem, are often misconstrued to mean the same thing. Bandura defines the concept of self- efficacy as an idea centered around an individual's belief in their ability to succeed in a specific situation that allows them to overcome that situation. In this sense, according to Bandura, self-efficacy is not just about bringing forth change via desire but also about whether an individual actually perceives they can enable that change. Bandura's philosophy of self-efficacy encompasses four aspects of achieving high self-efficacy, that is; mastery of experiences, seeing others like ourselves accomplish their goals, surrounding ourselves with people who positively impact us, and controlling negative emotions can lead to higher self-efficacy.
In contrast, self-esteem is defined by one's perception or estimate of their own confidence, capabilities, self-worth, behaviours, appearance, and beliefs. This differs …show more content…
As such, Ellis focuses the client on disrupting their irrational beliefs via challenging them with rational thoughts in the hopes of replacing these irrational thoughts with rational cognitions ultimately changing their self-perception and decision-making processes. Ellis felt that the therapist assumes the role of teacher in using this method and thus, deems any form of warm fuzzy relationship with the client unnecessary. As such, this method tends to warrant more confrontation and directive interactions between counselor and client as the counselor aims at changing the client's emotional reaction to situations. Ultimately, under this technique, the therapist views the client's thoughts as irrational and wants to dispute them because they are