Osteoporosis is a prevalent disease affecting over 1 million Australians. This disease makes bones become brittle leading to a higher risk of breaks than in normal bone. Osteoporosis occurs when bones lose minerals, such as calcium, more expeditiously than the body can supersede them, causing a loss of bone thickness (bone density or mass). 4.74 million Australians over 50 have osteoporosis or poor bone health. In 2011-12 the estimated prevalence of diagnosed osteoporosis among those aged 50 and over living in the community, was 15% of women and 3% of men, according to the Australia health survey.…
Vitamin D helps calcium to be absorbed through the lining of the small intestine to the bloodstream. By helping with absorption, then the body is able to form new bone. • Explain the difference between long bones, short bones, flat bones, and sesamoid bones. Long bones are found in the thigh, lower leg, and upper and lower arm. These bones are broad at the ends where they join at the ends to other bones, and they are very strong.…
Osteoporosis is a medical condition in which the bones become brittle and fragile from loss of tissue. All bones in your body can be affected by this disease but there are a few bones that break more easy. The bones of the spine, hip, and wrist are most likely to break. Hip fractures can be especially dangerous in elderly people because of how long it takes to heal and on top of that, they can not move while they are in the healing process which can lead to blood clots. Osteoporosis occurs when there is an imbalance in new bone formation and old bone resorption.…
This includes; liver, cheese, fruit and fish. Vitamin D is able to absorb the calcium into the intestine and regulate the calcium and magnesium – including the phosphate. This includes; fish, eggs, milk and sunlight. Vitamin E is able to act as an antioxidant and maintain healthy muscles. This includes; cereal oils, seeds, nuts and eggs.…
If kids don’t get vitamin D, they could develop soft bones. Vitamin A is important for your immune system, reproduction, and normal vision. It also helps some of your organs, such as your…
The enzyme cathepsin K is very important in the normal function of osteoclasts and the reabsorption of organic bone matrix (Hodder et al., 2014); the lack of cathepsin K causes a disruption in the normal function of the osteoclasts. The mutation of this gene results in osteosclerosis. (ADD 3-4 MORE SENTENCES HERE ABOUT…
Bones are living tissues that changes constantly so that new bone cells can be made to replace the old ones. This is known as the bone remodeling. Osteoporosis is the effect of disturbance in the bone remodeling. Cells such as osteoblasts are responsible in making the new tissues while osteoclasts are responsible to break down the bone tissues. Both of these cells works simultaneously work together in bone remodeling.…
Janney Nguyen Bio200A_ Lab section # November 29th 2015 Anahid Mirzatoni Osteoporosis So what is osteoporosis? Lets break it down, the word -osteo means bone, while -porosis means deterioration of something. The word together means the deterioration of bones. This usually occurs in older adults or the elderly since their bones are more fragile which could cause significant injuries towards them.…
Many people have probably heard of osteoporosis, and may understand it to be something along the lines of weaken bones, but may not understand the significance. Osteoporosis is characterized by decreased amount of bone density, and this loss of bone density allows for bones to be much weaker and even break easily. To avoid osteoporosis in the elderly, it is recommended to take calcium and vitamin D supplements, because it is much harder for the elderly to exercise, get sunlight, or even to prevent falling. Vitamin D works to increase calcium and phosphate levels, two key ingredients in bone formation, by increasing absorption from the intestines and the kidney. Furthermore, the circulating calcium and phosphate absorbed by the intestine and…
Family history means a history of osteoporosis or fractures in the family which can be a risk factor. Osteoporosis mainly depends on the BMD, and the regulation of the BMD is affected by genes. Therefore, osteoporosis is affected by genes. Some of the genes that are associated with causing osteoporosis are the vitamin D receptor, alpha collagen gene and estrogen receptor. Moreover, osteoporosis can result from a mutation in a single gene.…
Osteoporosis, associated with the elderly, is a painful condition. Though not life-threatening, it can be debilitating if not treated. Bad posture and broken bones are hard to remedy. If your doctor has diagnosed you with the disease, you will want to know what its causes are. Of course, Osteoporosis symptoms and treatments will be at the top of your mind.…
Chemically, the different forms of vitamin D are lipophil secosteroids, i.e., steroids in which one of the bonds of the steroid rings is broken. Vitamin D2 and vitamin D3 has structural different at the side chain of D2 contains a methyl group on carbon 24 and a double bond between carbons 22 and 23.Chemically different types of vitamin D are vitamin D1 (Mixture of molecular compounds of ergocalciferol with lumisterol, 1:1) vitamin D2 (ergocalciferol (made from ergosterol),vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol (made from 7-dehydrocholesterol in the skin),vitamin D4 (22-dihydroergocalciferol),vitamin D5 (sitocalciferol made from 7-dehydrositosterol)24. Severe vitamin D deficiency causes several bone pathologies like rickets in children and osteomalacia in adults. Fetal Vitamin D exposure depends on maternal vitamin D status.25…
Vitamin D as a promising anticancer agent. Indian Journal of Pharmacology, 43(2), p.113. Christakos, S., Dhawan, P., Porta, A., Mady, L. and Seth, T. (2011). Vitamin D and intestinal calcium absorption. Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, [online] 347(1-2), pp.25-29.…
The results show there was not enough intake of calcium to keep stronger bones. I need to consider the disease of osteoporosis in relation to adequate calcium intake. I am consuming calcium mainly through yogurt, milk and supplements. Vitamin D which regulates calcium and phosphors was 33% over recommended amounts. I get enough exposure to the sun to obtain Vitamin D. Phosphorus was within 86% of recommended amounts.…
Vitamin D that is synthesized in the skin from cholesterol would enter the capillary system and be transported by DBP into the peripheral tissues. Only very little excess vitamin D would be stored in the liver for later use. Metabolism of vitamin D is activated by two hydroxylations. The first would occur in the liver while the second is carried out by the enzyme a-1-hydroxylase in the kidney. The first hydroxylation would produce 25-hydrocy-vitamin D3 while the second would produce 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (calcitriol), which is the most active form of vitamin D. A-1-hydroxylase activity would be increased by parathyroid hormone (PTH) in the presence of low plasma concentrations, producing increased amounts of calcitriol.…