Optimistic Bias In Adolescent Smoking

Improved Essays
Arnett, J. J. (2000). Optimistic bias in adolescent and adult smokers and nonsmokers. Addictive Behaviors, 25(4), 625-632.
There have been several researches detailing the addictive use of cigarettes and its effect on the human brain. This effect greatly impacts adults but also severely has a greater influence on adolescents and emerging adults. Many individuals are found every year to die from the atrocities of smoking addictions but this fact does not attain the youth to the point of the realizations of their wrongdoings. In order to investigate the cognitive bias of adolescents, research was done regarding a group of adolescents and a group of young adults/adults as they reflect upon their choices in their lives as individuals. This article
…show more content…
Due to adolescents’ reliance on smoking, it becomes a habit for them which then leads to a derogatory attitude amongst adolescents. As smokers have a lower attention span, they also want to finish class earlier or leave in the middle of the class time in order for them to smoke. With the prevalence of stress in young adults, they also rely on smoking in order to suppress this prevalence. Smokers use cigarettes and any other form of smoke as a coping mechanism which helps them manage their stress in their households and also in their social lives. In order to better their emotional stance, they put smoking before school, which results into having an addictive attitude and plays on their emotions as they always feel the need to smoke. The group also discussed that there is a killing of brain cells, which makes them not realize their low academic stance in school. This leads to loss of focus, short attention span, and the inability to believe in their worth. It was discussed that people who smoke believe that they will not get any diseases, while deep down they are aware of the various cares that needs to be put in place to reduce this disease, smoking included. They(smokers) also believe most times that smoking is not addictive while it is totally false as most likely one addiction can lead to something else, most often another

Related Documents

  • Improved Essays

    The first main claim is that smoking has become a major bandwagon around an average of 4,000 American teenagers will pick up a cigarette before they turn 18, and 1,000 of these teenagers will continue to smoke. “Most adolescents who have smoked more than 100 cigarettes have reported that they’d like to quit but can’t.” (Kruzel). He presents the information with a logos argument to support his claim. He responses by giving the readers a quick statistic referring to how many cigarettes, which is 100, an adolescent will smoke to know when they would want to quit.…

    • 1177 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Superior Essays

    Psychologists who have studied smokers and their performance have noticed that frequent cigarette smokers have a higher motor skills and a more focused attention span than people who do not consume nicotine (Heishman, 1999, p. 143). When a avid cigarette smoker experiences withdrawal from the nicotine, their performance will become impaired and their attention and cognitive ability decreases. Thus, this lack of ability to concentrate is what drives a cigarette smoker to want to smoke again, in order to regain mental stability.…

    • 1666 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Superior Essays

    Most of these teenagers do not start smoking because they want to but instead because they have to. I believe that the main reason why they smoke is because they want to appear cool in the society. For many years, we have lived in a society marked by stereotypes in which teenagers want to fit in even if they have to do things they don’t enjoy and can be dangerous for them. In my opinion, the majority of the teenagers who smoke began doing this because they were influenced by friends or by looking at people that have an impact in society doing it. In their minds, they believe that if they don’t smoke, they are not going to be accepted by the rest of the society or in the group they want to fit in.…

    • 1246 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Statistics show that 50% of college students who try cigarettes in college still smoke 4 years later. Research shows that current teens who smoked two cigarettes a week at the age of 12 are 174 times more likely to be heavy smokers as adults. “It’s a Trap” are commercials that inform teenager’s that smoking in college leads to smoking the rest of your life. It’s an anti-smoking campaign for youth who are being pressured to smoke in social gatherings. Cigarettes it not the only thing the campaign is addressing its also hookah, cigars, flavored cigarillos and other forms of smoking.…

    • 509 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Superior Essays

    E-cigarettes are a gateway for long term ex smokers or daily smokers which allows them to go back on smoking. A study issued in JAMA Pediatrics, discovered that people at a younger age who are already in the habit of smoking e-cigarettes are highly more anticipated to begin consuming conservative cigarettes within a year’s time likened to aristocracies who do not use e-cigarettes (Primack, Soneji, Stoolmiller, Fine, & Sargent, 2015). This proves that these smokers, in other terms use e-cigarettes as a loophole where they are exposed to higher rates of nicotine, which causes them to relapse back into smoking. Alongside with these, e-cigarettes expose young teenagers to freely buy them online and smoke them whenever they prefer. This is one way to get young teenagers into a dangerous nicotine lifestyle at a young age, because of the fact that e-cigarettes are considered a ‘healthier’ alternate, since study is yet to identify whether e-cigarettes can direct young individuals to attempt other tobacco products because of the potential unknown effects (Primack, Soneji, Stoolmiller, Fine, & Sargent, 2015).…

    • 1520 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Decent Essays

    Tell your children that smoking slaughters individuals, and the sooner you begin, the better. Impart scorn for cigarettes by telling youthful kids how dangerous the chemicals in them are and showing them to consider smoking moronic rather than cool. When your children achieve their teenager years, a strong hostile to smoking establishment will be laid that can ideally hold quick against companion weight. The fixings and added substances in cigarettes when blazed make lethal, hurtful concoction mixes. Science is as yet revealing data about the sythesis of tobacco smoke, yet to date we realize that there are more than 7000 chemicals in tobacco smoke, with more than 70 chemicals named cancer-causing agents and 250 that are toxic.…

    • 186 Words
    • 1 Pages
    Decent Essays
  • Improved Essays

    E-Cigarettes

    • 923 Words
    • 4 Pages

    As per Center Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) the number of the e-cigarettes users among middle and high school in 2013 has been more than tripled compared to 2011 (CDC, 2014, September 22). Nicotine is an addictive substance in a cigarette and the United States has not yet regulated e-cigarettes. The study of many different brands of e-cigarettes showed different level of nicotine in each of e-cigarettes brand and some brands have higher amount of nicotine compared to tobacco cigarettes. FDA should be more involved in controlling the percentage of nicotine in e-cigarettes. Peer pressure, curiosity, role models, environments, and stressors are the main causes of e-cigarette usage in adolescents (Malhotra, Kakkar, Khan, & Ghosh, 2016).…

    • 923 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Adolescent substance use has resurfaced in the media and public concern with increasing number of states legalizing recreational use of marijuana and popularity with e-cigarettes. This article focused on comparing the United States and Germany to find predictors which may determine adolescent substance use. Even though both countries share many similarities there are bound to be cultural differences which stimulate the use or abstinence of substances. We should also remember that the United States has a diverse population which brings with it various cultural views. Thanks to medical discoveries we are aware of the health risk many of these substances bring along, so using this information can help in better assess circumstances which lead…

    • 555 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Marcus, a teenage football fan, went to the football club with his friends to watch the afternoon game. Within the vicinity of the stadium, he and his friends saw tobacco banners of their idols smoking cigarettes, portraying the idea that smoking helps increase athletic ability and increase popularity. Unfortunately, Marcus became a victim to the advertising scheme and developed an addiction for tobacco. At most sport events, the age of audiences varies from toddlers to adults. Exposing the younger audiences, especially teenagers, to tobacco advertisements increases the chances that a teenager will experiment with tobacco which also increases the chances of addiction.…

    • 685 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Great Essays

    Statistics from NHS Digital (2014) illustrates that around 22% of 16-24 year olds smoked. Smoking at a young age can consequently lead to symptoms of addiction, in as little as weeks or days after occasional smoking first begins. Particularly in the younger generation, peer pressure can allude to make an individual start smoking because they feel pressure to fit in with society and feel this is the norm. Similarly, Benjamin (2012) suggests that peer group influences emerge as powerful motivators of behaviour change. Living in an environment where people smoke, could make people’s perceptions change into thinking that smoking is usual or acceptable behaviour.…

    • 1680 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Great Essays
  • Great Essays

    In a 2011 study titled “The Health Action Process Approach as a Motivational Model for Physical Activity Self-Management for People With Multiple Sclerosis” by Chung-Yi Chui, et al (2011) HAPA was tested as a motivational model for physical activity self-management for people with multiple sclerosis (MS). There were 195 participants who were found through a university teaching hospital in the Midwest, and through the National Multiple Sclerosis Society. There were several instruments used in this study. The Minimal Record of Disability (MRD), evaluates MS symptoms, and the performance of activities of daily living (ADL’s). It incorporates two subscales.…

    • 1681 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Great Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Introduction In the previous essay, we discussed the regulations and policies of Marijuana legalization. The impact of a different thinker which was in the favour of marijuana also discussed and explained. The history of the previous legitimation of Marijuana initiative was the main focus of the earlier essay. All the favourable aspects and favourablepolicies or regulations of Marijuana demonstrated in the previous essay.…

    • 862 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Great Essays

    How useful is the Health Belief Model for the understanding of smoking behaviour? Health behaviours are defined as behaviours that actively affect a person’s health positively or prevent illness, i.e. the choice not to smoke (Farlex Partner Medical Dictionary, 2012). Understanding the cognitions behind these processes is very complex, and as a result there have been many attempts to create models to explain them. The Health Belief Model (Rosenstock, 1966) is one of these models and this essay will explore how useful it can be in understanding smoking behaviour. This will be done by looking at the many studies supporting the model as well as the few opposing studies.…

    • 1305 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Great Essays
  • Improved Essays

    In the article, “Acute effects of cigarettes in non-deprived smokers on memory, calculation and executive functions,” Yasuhisa Sakurai and Ichiro Kanazawa do a memory task, calculation task, and an association task on how cigarettes affect how you work. By looking at the graph Sakurai and Kanazawa state, “as shown, the [smokers scores were] more decreased in the later sessions in the memory task”(371). Cigarettes have no benefits toward working on education type material. This backs up my claim that cigarettes need to be…

    • 1207 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Smoking Cigarettes Normally everybody deals with a habit either a beneficial or risky one. In the United States teens and young adults, most common bad or risky habit is smoking cigarettes, generally the three extensive effects are; physical appearance drops high risk of cancer, the cost of smoking and leading to second-hand smoking. Typically, the dominant cause is stress. One might lean on the nicotine in a cigarette, some people believe nicotine is stress relive.…

    • 794 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays