Aggressiveness is a behavioral trait where a person is unreasonably hostile towards others, often in an attempt to dominate and intimate those around them. The Buss-Petty Aggression Scale breaks up aggression into four categories: physical aggression, verbal aggression, anger, and hostility. While the conceptual definition did not specify different types of aggression, it did highlight hostility and allowed for intimidating or hostile ‘actions’ in a general sense. The conceptual definition further highlighted aggression as feelings and actions that arise due to or in interaction with other people. The Buss-Petty Aggression Scale questions seem to focus on the same interpersonal interactions a great deal.…
There are many ways how silence could be efficient or harmful. However, I believe that silence is dangerous in many ways possible. My reasons are that people wouldn’t be able to express their thoughts on important situation and serious topics with silence, as well as the tension of silence from the people. Also, people could have limited knowledge because of silence, and silence can be destructive to a person’s or the other’s personality. My first reason is that people wouldn’t be able to express their thoughts on important situation and serious topics with silence, as well as the tension of silence from the people.…
“For dismissing individuals, the somewhat defensively maintained model of self is positive, whereas the model of others is negative (i.e., intimacy in relationships is regarded with caution or avoided).”(Levy & Blatt 1999, 551). This I think is as a result of their childhood upbringing. “Avoidant individuals are recognized by a lack of memory for childhood and restricted thinking surrounding issues of attachment. They tend to paint pictures of their parents and childhoods or may dismiss the importance of attachment entirely, claiming strength, normality and independence. ”(Adam, Gunnar & Tanaka 2004,…
What is time? Time is a measure used to identify the order of events. Like the fish in water example it seems that time is natural and we do not notice it is manmade. We seem to have become so used to this idea that we do not think of time as something that is socially constructed. Social constructions of time is a way we try to giver order to our world.…
Imagine giving someone a coat, seeing a lonely stranger at the cafeteria, watching a loved one get emotional in the presence of death, and observing friends cry from laughter at Thanksgiving dinner. Each feeling that accompanies each situation is the result of the direct relationship between individuals—empathy. Whether empathy is used to cognitively breakdown a problem or share emotions with others, the importance of empathy is that it is prevalent in nearly all human interaction. Without it, effective communities, relationships, and even society itself could never form. Now, a recent study by Sarah H. Konrath has suggested a sharp decline in empathy levels within the past three decades.…
Of Mice and Men Loneliness is defined as “sadness due to being apart from other people”. Throughout John Steinbeck's novel Of Mice and Men loneliness is portrayed by a multitude characters. However, Curley's wife and Candy are the loneliest people on the ranch. Although Curley's wife has Curly as a companion she’s extremely lonely and is constantly yearning for someone to show her attention.…
It is human nature, I suppose, this natural desire to fit in. We create relationships and search for accord in a likeminded crowd. With few exceptions, humans instinctually long to belong. We have all experienced this longing - those situations where we wish for even the slightest nod or hint of attention from another person, a bit of acknowledgement for accomplished work. Recall the variety of thoughts that emerge in particular social situations or at a workplace: e.g., “first day of school, will I have any friends”, “wow she is gorgeous, I hope to talk to her”, and “will my boss notice my job well done and finally give me that raise?”…
Societal factors had a significant impact on each case and each child experienced various types of emotional and physical neglect. However, it is difficult to determine all types of neglect that led to this abuse because most of the information is unknown. Furthermore, “Neglect is sometimes harder to recognize if there is no physical abuse. By looking at the environment and situation each of these children were in, can correspond to a type of neglect.…
In this text it includes newborn irritability between infant attachment security and toddler exploration and sociability. Infants that are highly irritable to ones that are less irritable can have an effect on their attachment issues. Toddlers were less experimental when they were highly irritable and that were insecurely attached. When infants were highly irritable compared to lower irritable infants, as toddlers, they were found to be less sociable when they felt insecure attachment and more sociable when they felt secure attachment. As anticipated when a newborn is highly annoyed and had unsecure attachment it is injurious to the toddlers’ exploration, then a newborn who is highly annoyed and had secure attachment.…
In 1964 President Lyndon B. Johnson took a stance on poverty with the intentions of reducing as well as alleviating hardships, giving all Americans the opportunity to advance for the better by declaring war on Poverty. Subsequently, changing the direction of the country forever. Since the War on Poverty’s inception, there have been continuous debates as to whether deprivation levels decreased or increased in America. If one examines the country’s living conditions, they should see the decline in the poverty level from the 1960’s up until now. There are fewer poverty related-conditions in existence today than in 1964; Such as malnutrition, homelessness, and uneducated minorities.…
This example provides legitimate evidence of how children in poverty are often neglected. Neglect that a child receives interferes with their academic motivation, because no one is their to guide and support them. In another example, by the same source, “These children were almost 56 times more likely to be educationally neglected”. The type of neglect experienced by a child in poverty is often uncommon in children living in high-income families.…
There is a great deal of intrigue within a transitional period, in both a literal and figurative sense. The public transportation system acts a null void or transition from one location to the other, although seemingly mundane, it is crucial for providing context for one’s final destination. The subway in particular allows for social situations to arise where an individual can be introspective whilst observing different people and behaviors in a diminutive amount of time. The act of examination in the public sphere allows an individual to decide how they desire to interact within any given environment. Additionally, the brain is capable of processing a vast amount of data at an exponentially rapid rate as to which a human can identify various variables of an another’s behavior and react appropriately; sensing danger, fear or commonality.…
Nature vs. Nurture: Aggression For decades, scientists have been debating about the issue of nature versus nurture. Are a person’s personality traits a result of nature or of his or her environment? Is aggression something we are born with or is it something we learn from our environment? According to the American Psychological Association, the word ‘aggression’ is defined as “behaviors that cause psychological or physical harm to another individual”.…
Only under certain circumstances such as when a task is demanding for the individual performing it. 21% of studies reported oxytocin had negative effects on prosociality and these effects seemed to be mediated by situational factors and individual differences. Overall, 43% of research reviewed indicated no main effect of oxytocin, 63% reported situational and/or individual difference moderators. The effect of oxytocin is mediated by situational and/or individual differences • Three possible mechanisms how oxytocin mediates output behaviors: o Anxiety reduction: oxytocin reduces social anxiety. This explains increased trust/social approach, but doesn’t apply to effects on social cognition (such as memory for faces)…
Cultural deprivation is a major theory in understanding underachievement. This is the theory working class culture is different from the other classes and this puts working class children at a disadvantage in many areas. For example, working class culture does not adequately prepare their children for academic success and so it holds back educational achievement. This can be shown by a number of pieces of research, an example is by Douglas (1964) who did a longitudinal study, a study of a long period of time, of a large group of children born in 1948 and followed them into their careers.…