He was born Gaius Octavius.
His maternal great-uncle was Julius Caesar. Julius was assassinated in 44 BC, and Octavius was named in Caesar's will as his adopted son and heir. Then known simply as Octavianus he along with Mark Antony, and Marcus Lepidus formed the Second Triumvirate to defeat the assassins of Caesar. Following their victory at the Battle of Philippi, the Triumvirate divided the Roman Republic among themselves and ruled as military dictators.
After the demise of the Second Triumvirate, Augustus restored the outward