Obesity And Diabetes Case Study

Currently, the increased mortality rate of people who has obesity and diabetes is about forty percent in Australia, this is approximately the same as the increased mortality hazard found amongst smokers. And this rate has been increased 6 percent since 1996. Consider that, obesity and diabetes indeed are the leading problems in the most western countries, and especially in the United States and Australia nowadays. Obesity is be described that people who are highly overweight and defined by the WHO (World Healthy Organization) using the BMI (body mass index). Obesity is a result of excessive accumulation of fat or triacylglycerol when the adipose tissue mass increased, and the adipocyte 's number and molar volume are overly increasing, and …show more content…
Obesity and type 2 diabetes are the multiple-factor inheritance, people whose parents are obesity have a much higher possibility become obesity but not directly influenced by the gene. So except the PPAR-y gene and ADRB3 gene, there are also lots of causes, such as leptin and resistin. In this case, the following essay does not just focus on genetic predisposition. Adipocyte tissue is not merely a storage tissue for triacylglycerols, it acts as an endocrine organ also, releasing copious chemical messengers that communicate and influence other tissues. The Leptin is one of the most important adipokines (messengers) and also is an expression product of the obesity gene. Leptin plays a very important role in depot fat, weight control, and energy consumption. Therefore, people who have the lesion 's leptin receptor or lack of leptin will have obesity and type 2 diabetes for sure. And since the leptin receptor is diseased, the central nervous system will no longer get the information from each organ and how much fats have been stored. Thus, the CNS cannot control the weight and the adipocyte will become bigger and bigger. Once the leptin cannot transmit information to CNS, the CNS will resist to it (LeptinResistance). So even the adipocyte can products lots of leptin after it become bigger and bigger, the leptin only can exist in the blood. And thus, obesity trigger hyperleptinemia and type 2 diabetes (leptin resist to the …show more content…
And greasy and sweet food contain lots of carbohydrates, fats and protein (not many vitamins). Fats are the most energy-efficient form of food. Each gram of fat supplies the body with about 9 calories, more than twice that supplied by proteins or carbohydrates. The reason for this is fats require more oxidation to become carbon dioxide and water than sugar. According to the structural formula of carbohydrates and fats, every carbon atom in a fat molecule needs two more oxygens instead of one oxygen (for carbohydrates and in carbohydrates most are oxygen) and fats have much more carbon atoms than carbohydrates. Therefore, the oxidation of fats takes longer, but it also gives off more energy. Carbohydrates and protein are same energy