Negative reinforcement can either lessen the occurrence of the behaviour or it can escalate the behaviour which removes it. (Sheppard & Willoughby, 1975) A child will clean his room to stop his parent's continuous instruction to clean it.
Positive Punishment refers to the negative consequence in response to negative behaviour. (Weiten, 2015) This is the opposite of Thorndike's Law a harmful incentive leads to the unlikelihood that the response to which it is related will occur. (Rachlin, 1976) Punishment has an immediate effect on the unwanted behaviour. Many parents use punishment as an end undesirable behaviour in their children without completely understanding the effects of punishment. Punishment can have many detrimental effects: trauma, …show more content…
These variables are linked together resulting in learning. Within the person-environment relationship, human beliefs, ideas and cognitive competencies can be transformed by external influences such as a supportive parent, stressful environment or a hot climate. Within the person-behaviour connection, a person’s cognitive processes affect their behaviour and behaviour can affect the process of thought. Within the environment-behaviour connection, external factors can behaviour and behaviour can change the environment. This theory suggests that for effective learning to take place an individual should have positive personal characteristics, exhibit appropriate behaviour and remain in a supportive environment. The Social Cognitive Theory states that learning is an outcome of an evaluation between present and experiences. (S.H. Hulse, …show more content…
There are four main styles: Authoritarian is described as highly demanding, children are exposed to strict rules and not following rules will result in a punishment. Permissive parents place few demands on the child and allow the child to regulate their own behaviour. Authoritative is a blend of both authoritarian and permissive styles. Uninvolved parenting is little to no communication with the child, the parent is not actively involved in the child’s life. (Kathleen Hague Armstrong, 2014)
Conclusion
This assignment highlighted and explained the development theories used in the process of learning, it provides an understanding of children’s behaviour and growth patterns. Ultimately and a possible most importantly it shows that no theory, method or process is full proof but rather provides insight and guidance into when to use behaviour modification, cognitive processes or possibly when to use a
Positive Punishment refers to the negative consequence in response to negative behaviour. (Weiten, 2015) This is the opposite of Thorndike's Law a harmful incentive leads to the unlikelihood that the response to which it is related will occur. (Rachlin, 1976) Punishment has an immediate effect on the unwanted behaviour. Many parents use punishment as an end undesirable behaviour in their children without completely understanding the effects of punishment. Punishment can have many detrimental effects: trauma, …show more content…
These variables are linked together resulting in learning. Within the person-environment relationship, human beliefs, ideas and cognitive competencies can be transformed by external influences such as a supportive parent, stressful environment or a hot climate. Within the person-behaviour connection, a person’s cognitive processes affect their behaviour and behaviour can affect the process of thought. Within the environment-behaviour connection, external factors can behaviour and behaviour can change the environment. This theory suggests that for effective learning to take place an individual should have positive personal characteristics, exhibit appropriate behaviour and remain in a supportive environment. The Social Cognitive Theory states that learning is an outcome of an evaluation between present and experiences. (S.H. Hulse, …show more content…
There are four main styles: Authoritarian is described as highly demanding, children are exposed to strict rules and not following rules will result in a punishment. Permissive parents place few demands on the child and allow the child to regulate their own behaviour. Authoritative is a blend of both authoritarian and permissive styles. Uninvolved parenting is little to no communication with the child, the parent is not actively involved in the child’s life. (Kathleen Hague Armstrong, 2014)
Conclusion
This assignment highlighted and explained the development theories used in the process of learning, it provides an understanding of children’s behaviour and growth patterns. Ultimately and a possible most importantly it shows that no theory, method or process is full proof but rather provides insight and guidance into when to use behaviour modification, cognitive processes or possibly when to use a