Negative social consequences of stuttering in children has been detected as young as preschool into adulthood. Non-stuttering peers have expressed negative attitudes toward peer stuttering and have been noted to ignore, bully, or walk away from children who stutter. Studies have indicated that children who stutter are less likely to be leaders, more likely to be bully victims, and are less popular than their non-stuttering peers. This negative reaction experienced by children who stutter can worsen over the school years as there is increased need for communication in social situations and in the classroom. Negative experiences for children who stutter have been shown to impact communication, self-esteem, and social development. One of most
