A myocardial infarction is more commonly known as a heart attack. Sufferers of atherosclerosis are more likely to be the elderly, which can lead to coronary heart disease - the biggest cause of death in 2012 in the UK, killing over 64,000 people [3]. Coronary angioplasty Angioplasty is the process of surgical repair or unblocking of a blood vessel. To prevent deaths from atherosclerosis and to relieve angina, an operation called Coronary Angioplasty can be carried out.…
This paper explains how to asses a new patient coming in for chest pain and how an Electrocardiogram (EKG) and other tests would be performed to diagnose the patient’s condition. Using two scholarly resources the paper will further explain the information that will be needed to know before performing the EKG on this new patient. A physician can request an EKG for different reasons in this scenario the patient has had a history with Myocardial Infarctions (MI’s) and when he comes in to the ER complaining of angina and shortness of breath the EKG technician notices another MI is present. Different procedures and blood tests can be done to open the coronary artery that is causing the MI and to determine the damage to the area that the MI has…
Mozaffarian D, Benjamin EJ, Go As, Arnett DK, Cushman M, de Ferrant S, Despres J-P, Fullerton HJ, Howard VJ, Huffman MD, Judd SE, Kissela BM, Lackland DT, Liu S, Mackey RH, Matchar DB, McGuire DK, Mohler ER 3rd, Moy CS, Muntner P, Mussolino ME, Nasir K, Neumar RW, Nichol G, Palaniappan L, Pandey DK, Reeves MJ, Rodriguez CJ, Sorlie PD, Stein J, Towfighi A, TUran TN, Virani SS, Willey JZ, Woo D, Yeh RW, Turner MB (2017 December 17) Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics- American Heart Association https://www.heart.org/idc/groups/ahamahpublic/@wcm/@sop/@smd/documents/downloadable/ucm_470704.pdf (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. MacMillian A. (2017 September 22) Heart Failure-Topic-Overview-WedMD https://www.webmd.com/heart-disease/heart-failure/tc/heart-failure-overview#1 (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. MacMillian A.…
The socioeconomic burden of cardiovascular disease is forecasted to exceed $1 trillion per year in the United States alone by 2030 (12). Similar statistics are true for Europe, each year the disease causes over 4 million deaths in Europe and over 1.9 million deaths in the European Union. This makes it the major cause of death for both men and women in most countries of Europe (13). Heart failure and myocardial infarction result in cardiomyocyte death by apoptosis and/or necrosis. The cardiomyocytes’ limited capability to divide leads to the replacement of dead cells by proliferating fibroblast that migrate into the damaged area to form scar tissue (fibrosis).…
1.What are the risk factors for coronary heart disease (CHD) that Bill can change? The risk factors for coronary heart disease (CHD) that Bill can change is that he should stop smoking a pack of cigarettes per day, cut down on the snacks/junk food and be more physically active. For example, he should stop drinking six to eight coffee a day and maybe just drink two. Also, he should cut down on the ice cream, buttered popcorn, and salted peanuts.…
And also, if a functionally significant coronary stenosis as defined by FFR less than 0.75, had undergone a PCI the probability of death or suffering an acute myocardial infarction was five times higher in the next five years than a similar angiographic severe lesion which is non-significant by FFR and treated medically(7). At two-year follow-up of the FAME study, in patients with multi-vessel coronary artery disease who underwent FFR-guided PCI with drug-eluting stents had a significant reduction in mortality and myocardial infarction compared to angiography-guided PCI group(12). Additionally, the number of stents per patient were less in the FFR-guided PCI group. The FAME 2 trial demonstrated a significantly lower rate of urgent need for revascularization in FFR-guided PCI group than in the optimal medical therapy group. The recruitment of patients in this study was terminated prematurely due to the significant difference in primary endpoint events among the two study groups(6).…
During past three decades efforts have been put to reduce the cardiovascular risk factors so that the coronary mortality rate will decrease (1). Although, scientists have reached to advances in this field, but the probability of occurring an ischemic event is still noticeable in patients who follow guildline-base approaches to cardiovascular prevention (2). Since the overall rate of atherosclerotic disease is increasing worldwide, cardiovascular disease is now consider as a global cause of death. Therefore, more significant approaches are needed to reduce the occurrence of acute ischemia.…
According to the WHO and MHO statistical yearbook, 42 percent of the death in 2010 are caused by cardiomyopathy diseases in Saudi Arabia. The rates of death in 2010 is 375 out of 100,000. According to the new statistical yearbook for 1431H, the death rates declined from 17.99 percent to 16.39 percent in the year 2008,2009 and 2010. Ischemic cardiomyopathy is one type of cardiomyopathy. According to Cleveland Clinic,” In Ischemic CM, the heart's ability to pump blood is decreased because the heart's main pumping chamber, the left ventricle, is enlarged, dilated and weak.”…
Cardiomyopathy is a disease of the heart muscle. In cardiomyopathy, the heart muscle becomes enlarged and rigid. As this disease worsens, the heart becomes weaker and is less able to pump enough of blood for the body. Cardiomyopathy can be inherited from your parents or close relatives, due to a change in some of the genes in heart muscle proteins. It can also be acquired over time as a result of smoking, diabetes, high blood pressure or some other disease or condition.…
INTRODUCTION Ischaemic heart disease is the most cause of death in all over the world. When Andreas Gruentzig performed PTCA in human, we have also opened the interventional era which significantly decrease the death cause by Cardial Vascular Disease, especially in Acute Myocardial Infartion. Over 30 years, the ratio of patient admitted to the hospital for myocardial Infarction dramatically decrease from 46,086 to 18,691 per year in 2008 . With the same trend, the proportion ST – segment elevation myocardical infarction (STEMI) also decline but the 30-day mortality after STEMI have no significant change [1]…
Coronary heart disease and angina • Angina is pain or discomfort that comes when your heart does not get enough oxygen. Angina is usually a symptom of a heart problem known as coronary heart disease (CHD), also called coronary artery disease (CAD)1 • • Your heart is a muscle. It pumps oxygen-rich blood to your whole body. Your heart also needs oxygen to work.…
Cardiomyopathy is a type of cardiovascular disease that is usually asymptomatic. It is a general term used to describe a diverse group of diseases that affects the heart muscles. For most people with cardiomyopathy, their hearts don't function normally because their heart muscles have become either enlarged, abnormally thick, abnormally rigid, or unable to transmit electrical impulses in a normal fashion. Because cardiomyopathy is a general term, there are different types. Some of the major types of cardiomyopathy include dilated, hypertrophic and restrictive cardiomyopathy.…
Specifically, FFR has been proven to identify ischemia-inducing lesions 3–7, as well as to predict prognosis, especially when used to guide percutaneous coronary…
Cardiovascular diseases considered as number one killer in United States. 42.7 percent out of two million people who have heart diseases die each year. Coronary arteries’ function is to supply the heart with oxygen-rich blood. When less blood and oxygen flow to the heart, it means the coronary artries narrow. This type of situation is called coronary artery disease, or atherosclerosis means the hardening of the arteries in which fatty deposits build up inside the coronary arteries.…
Public Health Problem Cardiovascular disease, more commonly known as heart disease, is a noninfectious, chronic, degenerative disease that has extensive historical documentation from over the ages but has become progressively prevalent with the rise of modern society. Cardiovascular disease currently stands as the leading cause of death in the United States, affecting both genders indiscriminately and is responsible for almost fifty percent of deaths that occur. It has recently become an area of intense scientific and medical investigation in collaboration with Public Health to ameliorate this health crisis. Cardiovascular disease most commonly develops in people for the three following reasons: (A) genetic makeup (this includes disorders and familial inheritance), (B) smoking and its repercussions and finally (C) personal choices and lifestyle habits (particularly those relating to diet consumption and physical exercise).…