Fiscal investment: This option requires strong governance system. There have been concerns regarding high administrative costs and corruption and bias towards targeted exemptions from school fees when the lower tier government/ service providers grant exemptions or financial assistance at their own will. Or there are cases when the poor may be unaware of exemption schemes and/or not apply for fear of being stigmatized. Therefore, fiscal investment is medium high.
Option 2: Mother-tongue based bilingual education (MTBBE)
The purpose of this program is creating an environment where children’s education will start with their mother tongues as the languages of instruction and Vietnamese only as a subject. From preschool to grade 2, children’s
Option 2: Mother-tongue based bilingual education (MTBBE)
The purpose of this program is creating an environment where children’s education will start with their mother tongues as the languages of instruction and Vietnamese only as a subject. From preschool to grade 2, children’s