Everybody gets the flu sometimes. It is a quite a common occurrence. In fact, about five to twenty percent of the United States population get the flu each year. Many may not know this, but “flu” is actually an abbreviation. An abbreviation for what, one might ask?…
Ernest Goodpasture originally described the symptoms of haemoptysis and acute renal failure from the autopsy findings of an 18-year-old male who died during the influenza epidemic of 1918, although it is likely that the individual actually died from influenza. The term Goodpasture syndrome was first used to describe anti-GBM disease by Stanton and Tange in the 1950s about patients with the pulmonary and renal features first reported by Goodpasture. It is not known whether Goodpasture's original case or those of Stanton and Tange had anti-GBM antibodies present due to the limited technology available. The presence of antibodies to the GBM was first demonstrated in the 1960s, following the development of immunofluorescence techniques for use…
In chapter 23 it talks about many physicians and laboratories who studied and tried their hardest to figure out a solution to this enormous influenza issue. The chapter starts off with laboratories everywhere focusing on the influenza. In britain everyone in almroth wright’s worked on it, especially alexander fleming. Germany, italy, and russia all searched for an answer. By fall of 1918 research had been cut and the focus was only on war, so researchers focused on poison gas and how to fight against it, preventing infection of wounds , also ways to prevent diseases such as trench fever which is not serious but had already tooken troops.…
1. Description of the Disease: West Nile virus (10 points) 2. What causes it? (WNV) is found by mosquito bites. Mosquitoes become infected when they feed on infected birds…
The History of Smallpox Smallpox once covered the globe. In Europe alone, 400,000 people a year use to die from it. It used to be extremely infectious. Smallpox started with little brown dots on your skin called macules.…
Something had to be done. By now scientists understood that germs cause disease and thanks to Koch they knew how to perform tests to discover which germs caused a particular disease. Or so they reckoned, in 1894 a team of scientists from Robert Koch’s Institute went to Hong-Kong to find the plague germ. They were led by renowned scientist Shibasburo Kitasto. But there was another scientist in the field, Swiss born Alexandre Yersin (1863-1943) who had worked for Louis Pasteur and had since been travelling and making maps in Vietnam.…
It was eventually recognized that this illness was caused by syphilis. This is the first documented link between an identifiable brain infection…
He thought it was tuberculosis but then thought different. Burrill then did his research and found the new disease…
Mononucleosis can be caused by the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) which is a relative of the herpes family in diseases. People catch mono by frequently spreading saliva which is why it’s also known as the “kissing disease.” Mononucleosis mainly affects people of the ages 15 and 24 and they are most likely to get it because people in those ages are constantly exchanging their saliva. But luckily it is not as severe in young children.…
Has been historically confined to Africa, the Middle East, and parts of Russia, India and Indonesia.1 The virus’s origin dates back to 1937, when it was isolated from a woman in the West Nile District of Uganda.2 Basis for the name of the virus.2 The pathogenicity of the virus in humans was discovered in the 1950s, and in animals during the 1960s.2 Spread into Europe by migratory birds.1 During the investigation of an encephalitis outbreak in New York City in Sept 1999, West Nile Virus was first discovered in North America.2 Also spread into Canada and the Caribbean, and most U.S states.1 Is endemic in Africa.2 Latest severe outbreak of West Nile Virus occurred in 2012 in the U.S.1 2,873 cases of West Nile neuroinvasive disease (West Nile Meningitis…
In late spring of 1918, the first phase, known as the "three-day fever," appeared without warning. Few deaths were reported. Victims recovered after a few days. When the disease surfaced again that fall, it was far more severe. In the United States alone over 700,000 people died, which is greater than the total number of American deaths in both World Wars, The Korean War, and Vietnam, combined.…
Human Papillomavirus Human Pappilomavirus, more commonly known as HPV, is a group of over one hundred and fifty viruses. It is the most common sexually transmitted infection. Almost all sexually active men and women will contract HPV at some point in their life. It infects the genitals of men and women, can cause warts and cancer. Cervical cancer is generally associated with HPV.…
Viruses, not bacteria, are the causes for flu, influenza. It means that antibiotics are not able to kill viruses. Usually, antivirals are used to cure the flu. Their purpose is to break enlarging of amount of flu virus in the body.…
Human Immune Deficiency means to lack the defense mechanisms necessary to fight against simple viruses like the common cold. The virus attacks the helper T cells in the body and prevents them from simulating B cells to secrete antibodies. It also prevents helper T cells from activating CD8 cells that are cytotoxic T cells which are antiviral cells. (van Baarle et al) HIV carries single-stranded RNA that, when coupled with reverse transcriptase, creates HIV DNA. When HIV enters the body, it attaches and fuses with the host cell.…
"If you knew I was HIV positive would you still treat me as an equal, would you still be my friend, would you still touch me, would you still love me?” These are some of the thoughts that go through the minds of the millions of people worldwide who are currently living with HIV/AIDS. Despite the mass impact of the disease, many still remain ignorant to its definition, history, and effects, leading to the negative associations of those affected. I’m here to give you a brief enlightenment of HIV/AIDS in an effort to to lessen the misconceptions and stigma of HIV/ AIDS. First, we need to understand the basics.…