Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction program (J. Kabat-Zinn, 1982) is the most common MBI implemented in work settings. Typically offered to groups over a period of 8 weeks, MBSR consists of weekly classes …show more content…
The goal of MBSR is to help participants develop the ability to calmly step back from thoughts and feelings during stressful situations rather than engaging in anxious worrying or other negative thinking patterns that might otherwise escalate into a cycle of stress reactivity (Bishop, 2002).
2. Mindfulness-based intervention (MBI)
Mindfulness-based intervention (Cullen, 2011) have recently been combined into work settings in order to reduce psychological distress. Despite these interventions may differ in various ways, they are all aimed at helping employees cultivate mindfulness, which involves consciously attending to individual’s moment-to-moment experience and being aware of individual’s inner and outer worlds, including thoughts, emotions, sensations, actions and surroundings (Brown & Ryan, 2003).
During these interventions, employees can learn through a variety of experiential and contemplative exercises, so they know how to intentionally pay attention to their ongoing sensory, cognitive, and emotional experiences without elaboration upon or judging any part of this experience (Kabat‐zinn, …show more content…
These studies were mainly conducted at USA and international universities and research centers, including Harvard Medical School, Yale Medical School, UCLA Medical School and Stanford Medical School.
A profound benefit of Transcendental Meditation is that regular practice increases brain wave coherence, which means that the frequencies of brain waves in different parts of the brain work together as a result of TM. Electroencephalograms (EEG) indicate that TM helps to calm the brain while organizing the prefrontal brain regions so that meditators can improve their focus, decision-making, and job performance.
Research showing that the experience of restful alertness during Transcendental Meditation creates the optimum condition to unfold individual’s full potential, for maximum intelligence and creativity in a completely effortless way, while preventing the damaging effects of stress on the brain (TRAVIS,