Literature review:
Methane Production
Methane is a potent greenhouse gas (GHG) that is produced under anoxic conditions when organic matter is converted to methane by a class of microorganisms known as methanogens. Several biochemical processes exist where carbon is reduced to methane and thus releasing energy for metabolic processes. The main source of methane in the soil column is in the topsoil, where 99.95% of the total soil produced methane is emitted (Mitra, et al., 2002). Major carbon substrates include root exudates, lysates, litter, and dead organic matter from incorporated vegetation (Sass, et al., 1991).
The first comprehensive measurements of methane fluxes in rice fields were reported in the early 1980s in California rice paddies …show more content…
(IPCC, 2001). U.S. greenhouse emissions for 2001 were 6.702.3 Tg of CO2 equivalent. Total U.S. GHG emissions have increase by 8.4 percent from 1990 to 2011, with a decrease from 2010 to 2011 by 1.6 percent to 108.0 Tg of CO2 equivalent. The overall amount of CO2 emissions from 1990 to 2011 has increase by 504 Tg of CO2 equivalent while emissions of CH4 have decreased by 57.2 Tg of CO2 equivalent (IPCC, 2014). Over the last two hundred and fifty, the concentration of CH4 has increase by 158%(IPCC, 2007) As of 2011 CH4 emissions from rice cultivation was 1.12 percent of overall U.S. CH4 production (IPCC, …show more content…
2015 and will be conducted at the Rice Research and Extension Center near Stuttgart in Arkansas County, Arkansas (34°27’54.5” N, 91°25’8.6” W). The soil in the study area will be a DeWitt silt loam (fine, smectitic, thermic Typic Albaqualf) and had been managed in a rice–soybean rotation for the past 20 years(Rogers, et al., 2014). The slope across the study area will be 0.2%. The regional climate throughout the study area is warm and wet with a mean annual air temperature of 16.7°C that ranges from a mean January minimum of −0.8°C to a mean July maximum of 33.7°C. The mean annual precipitation is 124 cm (United States Department of Agriculture,
Methane Production
Methane is a potent greenhouse gas (GHG) that is produced under anoxic conditions when organic matter is converted to methane by a class of microorganisms known as methanogens. Several biochemical processes exist where carbon is reduced to methane and thus releasing energy for metabolic processes. The main source of methane in the soil column is in the topsoil, where 99.95% of the total soil produced methane is emitted (Mitra, et al., 2002). Major carbon substrates include root exudates, lysates, litter, and dead organic matter from incorporated vegetation (Sass, et al., 1991).
The first comprehensive measurements of methane fluxes in rice fields were reported in the early 1980s in California rice paddies …show more content…
(IPCC, 2001). U.S. greenhouse emissions for 2001 were 6.702.3 Tg of CO2 equivalent. Total U.S. GHG emissions have increase by 8.4 percent from 1990 to 2011, with a decrease from 2010 to 2011 by 1.6 percent to 108.0 Tg of CO2 equivalent. The overall amount of CO2 emissions from 1990 to 2011 has increase by 504 Tg of CO2 equivalent while emissions of CH4 have decreased by 57.2 Tg of CO2 equivalent (IPCC, 2014). Over the last two hundred and fifty, the concentration of CH4 has increase by 158%(IPCC, 2007) As of 2011 CH4 emissions from rice cultivation was 1.12 percent of overall U.S. CH4 production (IPCC, …show more content…
2015 and will be conducted at the Rice Research and Extension Center near Stuttgart in Arkansas County, Arkansas (34°27’54.5” N, 91°25’8.6” W). The soil in the study area will be a DeWitt silt loam (fine, smectitic, thermic Typic Albaqualf) and had been managed in a rice–soybean rotation for the past 20 years(Rogers, et al., 2014). The slope across the study area will be 0.2%. The regional climate throughout the study area is warm and wet with a mean annual air temperature of 16.7°C that ranges from a mean January minimum of −0.8°C to a mean July maximum of 33.7°C. The mean annual precipitation is 124 cm (United States Department of Agriculture,