Mercantilism: The Rise Of The British Empire

Decent Essays
During the 18th century European nation believe in an idea called mercantilism, the idea that a nation's existence depend on power which power depend on wealth in order to have wealth a nation had to have colonies in order for trade and exchange. Philip Curtin, trade and exchange represent "the most important external stimuli to change". Trade and exchange played a central in European history starting from 15 century to 18 century. In the middle of 15 century , Europe had penetrate an age of discovery because of this the result were relationships with territories other countries with geographical , geological and other discoveries. One of the main empire was the British Empire that crown exercised control over it colonies in through and 18th …show more content…
During mercantilism conles provided constant source of raw material which became market for manufactured good to Britain. for example , colonist cut down tree and would send over sea for craftsman to produce furniture , paper , barrels and tools. these good would be send back to these colonies for profit. This process helped England establish a balance of trade which England would sell most of product to other countries in exchange for gold and silver which helped build British Empire.
British Empire was founded in the age of mercantilism , mercantilism need partnership of government and the merchant with one goal of increasing wealth and political power. The government protect its merchant through trading issues , regulation and subsidies to domestic industries in order to increase export. The main economic theory of mercantilism is to increase trade for one empire and weaken rival empire.
The 18th century undergo degree of regional specialization , the economic advance of the eighteenth century were based on easier exchange between industrial and agricultural are between country and town which allowed specialization to take place and allowed cost- saving implication. due to Britain no internal tariff barriers also kept cost low and increase the growth of commerce. This plan was passed oversea , that the main drive of earlier of the
…show more content…
North American tobacco, Canada fur , West Indian tea , Indian colicos, and spices, , Chinese tea and sugar Plantation Island of the Caribbean were exchanged for Baltic timber and tar , Swedish iron and, increasingly from the 1780s European grain.All these exchange help change Britain empire to become power.slave exchange also helped Britain create their empire, it has been estimated that more than half of slave trade took during the 18 century . Even though in 1807 , British government passed an act of parliament banning the slave through the British Empire , but slavery itself would still continue until the abolition in 1838. Many sold into slavery were working on plantation in British colonies , where Hugh area of plantation produced product such as sugar from Caribbean and tobacco from America. many historians believe slave trade was the main contribution to England economy and the rise of consumerism. Slave owner and merchant who dealt with slave were the richest people in the 18 century , Liverpool merchant banker who were involved in the slave based trade to early cotton manufacturers. Britain capitalism development was plantation growth and industrial growth , the plantation colonies supplied the mother country in this case Britain with popular luxuries such as dyestuff, sugar , tobacco and then later coffee and chocolate that helped Britain

Related Documents

  • Improved Essays

    This was preferred over other foreign trade because the colonies were subject to English Mercantilist regulation making them easier to control. British economic growth depended upon increased and balanced external trade with exports exceeding imports thus increasing precious metal supplies. British Mercantilists “prefer colonial dependencies to independent foreign countries in seeking sources of foreign supply. If the state could not free itself completely from trade with foreign nations, it sought to control that trade in its own interest as much as possible” . Adam Smith asserts that the thirteen colonies greatly aided British capital accumulation in the 150 years they were subject to the regulations of English Mercantilism.…

    • 712 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    What’s more, both 19th century colonialism and contemporary globalization can promote the development of the economy, because they all sell the product to different places and use the price difference to make the profit, some of them can do the monopolization, which made them have lots of money to get. Also, in the 19th century, the countries in Europe wanted to transfer the population stress in their own country, so they asked the citizens explored to the new land to find work and helped the states to occupy more colonies which can help the country to improve their national influence. Nowadays, the nations asked their company to start the oversea market which helps the state to improve their…

    • 974 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    This can be seen as the portuguese sent people from their territories to go harvest products from foreign lands. The text “The Economic Bases of Imperialism” was written by John Hobson, an english economist, in the year 1902. The text was written with the intention of convincing the public that even the government placed economic demands as a priority during the European Imperialism. “But these arguments are not conclusive. It is open to Imperialists to argue thus: "We must have markets for our growing manufactures, we must have new outlets for the investment of our surplus capital and for the energies of the adventurous surplus of our population: such expansion is a necessity of life to a nation with our great and growing powers of production.” This excerpt, conveys economics as the primary motivation for the European Imperialism of the late 19th century.…

    • 1184 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Another factor influencing the political regime was the legal system, which was built around the aristocracy. Another influence was the distance from England and its Parliament allowed colonists to set up local governments and representative assemblies and to tax themselves, as long as they did not take up arms against the Crown . The British Empire grew tremendously and became the largest colonial empire during the nineteenth (19th)…

    • 1359 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Great Essays

    Rum and manufactured goods were shipped from Europe to Africa, slaves were sent to the New World, and the molasses and other crops they produced were shipped from the colonies to Europe. Since molasses is distilled to make rum, rum was an integral part of two legs of this triangular trade. In fact, British taxation on molasses had such a significant effect on the economy of the New World that it began to make British colonists consider declaring independence from their mother country and establish a new nation. Rum had a more subtle effect on Britain’s seafaring potential, too. The primary drink of British sailors, grog, was a mixture of rum, water, and citrus juice.…

    • 1653 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Great Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Now admittedly, this is just one definition of industrial capitalism among many, but it's the definition we're going with. industrial capitalism developed first in britain in the 19th century. Britain had a bunch of advantages it was the dominant power on the seas, and it was making good money off its trade with its colonies, including the slave trade; also, the growth of capitalism was helped by the half-century of civil unrest that resulted from the 17th century english civil war. Now, i'm not advocating for civil wars or anything but in this particular case it was useful because before the war, the british crown had put a lot of regulations on the economy: complicated licenses, royal monopolies, etc. But during the turmoil it couldn't enforce them, which made for freer markets.…

    • 1659 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    As a Result, Britain became the main industrial manufacturer in the mid-nineteenth century as the introduction of the free trade that the Britain introduced had brought triumph in the British economy. Free trade policies were introduced by the British government between 1846 and 1860 it was the trading or sales of goods between other countries without imposing taxes (McDonough, 1994). However, Britain still paid high import taxes when exporting to independent countries that imposed them. Due to the introduction of free trade, British became the unchallenged prosperity in the middle of the nineteenth century. The Gross National Product (GNP) of Britain became higher than the combination of China and Russia in terms of valued of all goods and product.…

    • 1482 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Great Essays

    British Consumer Culture

    • 2371 Words
    • 10 Pages

    Early on in the Empire, many either knew but did not care about slavery, or simply remained oblivious to it. That changed however in the later stages if the Empire as the demand for luxury goods increased, so did that of slaves. However, two large abstention campaigns came about in England in 1791-92 and 1824-25. According to author Claire Midgely, in “Slave SUGAR Boycotts, Female activism and the Domestic Base of British anti-slavery culture.” She states that, “The abstention campaign was the keystone of a wider movement to convert Britain into a nation of anti-slavery households.” The anti-slavery movement in a way became a culture shaped by that of ordinary women in their households. Thus it is important to take a step back and note that we now can witness subculture forming out of a previous older issue.…

    • 2371 Words
    • 10 Pages
    Great Essays
  • Improved Essays

    In the article "Columbian Exchange Data Analysis" a caption reads, "A European supervisor … directs slaves on a sugar plantation in Barbados as they haul cane" (). The speed and efficiency of cash crop farming all depended on slavery. Slavery connects with economics of both cash crops and silver mining. In Latin America, the number of native slaves also was dwindling because of disease. With the natives dying, the need for African slaves arose even more.…

    • 940 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Superior Essays

    This system, the mercantile system, established through a series of laws starting in 1660 helped drive the sugar trade. All factors in developing the sugar trade work together. As England became a wealthy nation, not only did citizens have more money to spend on sugar and other items, benefitting the economy, but the British slave traders used goods made from raw materials in the colonies to purchase more slaves to send to the colonies.To the extent of which England used solely goods…

    • 1268 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Superior Essays