Mental Testing In America

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This chapter talks about mental testing in America. James Cattell and Galton believed that intelligence is hereditary. Henry Herbert Goddard shared a similar view to James Cattell and Galton. He conducted a study in the heredity of feeblemindedness and wrote a book called “Kallikak Family.” Ligthner Witmer was an environmentalist and he believed that hereditary was an excuse for an action. One of the research psychiatrists in this area was Alfred Binet. Theodor Simone joined Binet’s team and together they created a test that would identify a special need child. Lewis Terman believed that IQ stays the same over a person's life. At the end of 19th century one of the new educated woman was Helen Bradford Thompson Woolley. Her research in sex difference …show more content…
The money that they had received paid for her master's degree in 1913. She was one of the organizers of the first professional association of clinical psychology that was formed in 1997. She was hired in the educational psychology program as a teacher at the college after completing her doctoral degree. Leta Hollingworth also uncovered the variability hypothesis evolutionary-inspired belief that the male of species will always demonstrate more changes than the female across physical and psychological traits, which therefore drives evolutionary progress. According to this view, men were more likely to have a the highest as well as lowest positions. The reason why men overperform compared to women is because women had very little resources because of motherhood and household duties.
Alfred Binet was working with Jean-Martin Charcot at the Salpetriere Hospital on hypnosis and hysteria. In 1894, he came to work for the newly created laboratory of physiological psychology in Sorbonne where he was the director. He performed different tests of mental ability on his daughters. Many tests of sensory and neurological ability differentiated between children and adults and those tests were more complex. Benet was convinced that intelligence takes many forms and that it was possible to sum up a person’s intelligence in a single number of
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Stern’s program of different psychology encopasssed more than intelligence testing. His approach stressed the understanding of the total personalilty in individuality “ personalistic psychology.” He also committed to the applicaton of psychology in all domains of public life from education to the courtroom to the work place
James Catell, Galton, Henry Herbert and Goddard had similar views in regards to intellegence. They argued that an intellegent person is born like that and it’s hereditary. Ligthner and Witmer, on the other hand, believed that in order for a child to improve, they first had to be assessed and then they would provide a child with an intervention.
There was research conducted in a school. There were two classes, in one of the classes the teacher was told that she was teaching an advanced class, even though it was not. In the other class, the teacher was told that she was teaching regular students. At the end of the year, the advanced class students received better results compared to the regular students. That is a result of the teachers’ expectations of the

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