DSM-5 Diagnostic Criteria

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Nowadays, clinicians and psychologists are not using anymore the word "addiction". DSM-5 diagnostic criteria uses the word "Substance-Related and Addictive Disorders" or 'Substance Use Disorders". According with DSM-5, substance use disorders is defined as a chronic, relapsing brain disease which characteristics are compulsive seeking and drug use, despite its harmful consequences. It is considered a brain disease because drugs change this body: its structure and operation are affected. These brain changes can be for long-term, and can lead to dangerous behaviors.

The Partnership at Drug Free Organization and Office of Alcoholism & Substance Abuse Service conducted a national survey in which they found that 23, 50 million
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Then, if blood alcohol level is major of 300ml, and its effects are deep sleep, unconsciousness and coma. Then, if blood alcohol level is 400ml, people’s respiratory rate decreases, pupils dilate, body temperature descends, and they can die (Yale Daily News). For many decades drug abuse were cataloged such as criminals, rascals, and unscrupulous people. Nowadays, specialists suggest that “substance use disorder” is a disease or a true mental illness, because it uses or abuse change the brain in structure and operation. It affects many circuits of the brain, including memory, motivation, learning, and emotion control, disrupting so many aspects of an individual 's life. Substance use disorder has different influences such as emotional, social, psychological, and physiological factors. Psychosocial theories suggest that family and environment play an important role in substance use disorder. In some cultures, drug consumption has held different connotations, including religious and spiritual, as a conductor to the illumination and nirvana. They believe that drug’s use in rituals can help them in attaining enlightenment. …show more content…
They promote drug use as normal. Artists and singers who should be a good example for the new generations, only promote drugs, alcohol and sex. Rappers promote in their songs; crime, drugs and promiscuity. Over the years, many fabulous and talented artistes Jimmy Hendrix, Janis Joplin, Corey Monteith, Heath Ledger, Marilyn Monroe, Brittany Murphy, Whitney Houston, Michael Jackson, Brad Renfro, Kevin Dubrow, Amy Winehouse and many others died of overdose. Currently, the fame, drugs, and money are related. Clearly, substance use disorders aren’t a new problem for society, and it and this doesn’t distinguish between race, nationality, culture, socioeconomic status, gender or age. A significant example of how drug abuse can destroy a person’ life is Amy Winehouse. She was born on September 14, 1983, in London, England. Amy broke into the musical business at age 16. She won five Grammy Awards for her 2006 album Black to Back, and is remembered for songs like “Rehab,” “Black to Black” and “Valerie.” A life full of excesses led to Amy to an early death, at the age of 27 years. Family members argued that her addictions have been caused by the toxic loving relationship she had with her husband Blake Fielder-Civil. Clearly, Amy screamed for help; her songs “Black to Black” and “Rehab” were a reflection of how she was feeling. "Black to Black" is about her, her boyfriend, and their addiction to drugs. When Amy says;

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