Rene Descartes Meditation Summary

Improved Essays
Perhaps one of the most influential books in western philosophy, Meditations on First Philosophy, written by René Descartes, was first published in 1641. Descartes was a French rationalist, born in the 17th century. He is famously known by his contributions to the field of epistemology, mainly through his book. In Meditations, Descartes decides to put into question all of his previous knowledge, in order to determine what is false and dubious, and what is undoubtedly true. The book is divided into six meditations, in which each meditation addresses a specific issue. After finishing writing the manuscript for Meditations, Descartes sent it to different philosophers, theologians and logicians before publishing it. All those who received Descartes manuscript wrote him back, with a set of seven pointed objections to some of Descartes’ arguments. Descartes replied to each those objections, and added both the objections and replies to his final manuscript, before publishing it.
In the First Meditation, Descartes writes about how and why we should put all of our beliefs into questioning. He writes about how he has been struck with all the falsehoods he once believed to be true, and how he wants to separate true knowledge from falsities. To do
…show more content…
One of the objections presented in this set is directed towards Descartes’ argument of the unreliability of the senses. The author of the objection writes he is concerned with Descartes claim that the senses are unreliable, and that consequently the intellect is much more reliable than the senses. The critic claims that any preceding knowledge the intellect has acquired, has somehow derived previously from (other) senses. His argument lays in the idea of how can the intellect realize that the information acquired through certain sense is wrong, without using another sense to correct such

Related Documents

  • Decent Essays

    Descartes’ criterion of knowledge lays in the mind and not in the senses.…

    • 212 Words
    • 1 Pages
    Decent Essays
  • Improved Essays

    In this paper, I will provide an analysis for one of the celebrated arguments by Descartes written in the Meditations. The challenging argument presented by Descartes is the argument from ignorance, which is precisely claimed in his First Meditation. Moreover, the skeptical argument requires for one to know that the present external world is not a dream in order to have knowledge that an external world exists. Otherwise, one does not really know that an external world exists. As noted, this argument of logical possibility presents difficulties when attempting to provide a satisfactory answer to avoid the questioning of the entailment of what one knows.…

    • 934 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    In Meditation Two, Descartes…

    • 206 Words
    • 1 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Descartes was a French philosopher who is considered today as the “Father of Modern Philosophy”. Descartes often fought with the idea of this thing called Skepticism, which is the philosophical position that knowledge is impossible. This did not sit well with Descartes so he decided to write a book called “The Meditations on First Philosophy” as a guide book to the truth. Descartes’ two main aims with this book were first, to address and defeat skepticism, and second, to attain perfect knowledge, which is knowledge that is absolutely certain and indubitable; he aimed to used this idea of perfect knowledge to defeat skepticism. One of the first things Descartes had to do in order to defeat skepticism was look at his own beliefs and doubt all…

    • 600 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Great Essays

    There has always been a point in history of Western philosophy when the definition of knowledge had been redefined, debated upon, and rejected. However, many philosophers were more concerned with the essence of knowledge, that is, what does constitute as knowledge and how we can achieve it. In addition, many argue that there are certain knowledge is just not attainable and human mind wouldn’t be able to grasp on the capacity of the higher truths. Nevertheless, one still can question the knowledge they already possess and decided for themselves whether to believe it or not. In this essay I aim to demonstrate Descartes’ arguments for skepticism and genuine knowledge.…

    • 1490 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Great Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Rene Descartes Deceit

    • 969 Words
    • 4 Pages

    (Descartes) Rene Descartes has throw out five things in meditation one. The first one is his beliefs, the second is senses, the third is being awake, never know when he is truly awake or asleep, the fourth is his mind, and the fifth one is God ( Evil genius). Rene Descartes right know is taking a view as a Skeptic, someone who denies the ability to have knowledge and…

    • 969 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Superior Essays

    Descartes’ argues that one has to be skeptical of one’s sensory experiences. This is due to knowledge based on sensory perception is only based on the senses. He claims that we must not trust our senses, “But it is sometimes proved to me that these sense are deceptive, and it is wiser not to trust…

    • 1114 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Superior Essays

    Descartes’s mission in the meditations was to doubt everything and that what remained from his doubting could be considered the truth. This lead Descartes to argue for the existence of God. For the purpose of this paper, I will first discuss Descartes’s argument for the existence of God within the third and fifth meditations. I will then take issue with three of Descartes arguments. Descartes argues that some ideas are more real than others.…

    • 1428 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Improved Essays

    He argues that the only aspect of life, a person, can know for sure is that they are a thinking being. Any other sense data can be argued as devised. This paper will defend Descartes views and show that almost anything can be questioned. In 1619, Descartes decided to throw out all the knowledge he perceived with his senses.…

    • 1509 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Descartes’ “Discourse on Method and Meditations on First Philosophy” is ultimately his journey for true knowledge. In his third meditation he tackles the topic of whether or not there is a God. So far he has talked on his methods of how to find true knowledge such as taking everything that he thinks he knows and discarding it as well as only basing what is true on the fact that he can prove it within his own mind. He has concluded this for multiple reasons such as his senses may all be just a dream and the fact that he may have been deceived by an outside force.…

    • 1901 Words
    • 8 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Superior Essays

    He does not trust his senses as they can sometimes deceive us and as he says himself, “it is prudent never to trust completely those who have deceived us even once” As a result, Descartes deduced that a correct pursuit of truth should doubt every belief about reality. Descartes developed a method to attain truths according to which nothing that cannot be recognised by the intellect can be classified as knowledge. These truths are gained without any sensory experience, according to Descartes. Truths that are attained by reason are to be broken down into elements which intuition can grasp, which, through a purely deductive process, will result in clear truths about reality.…

    • 1549 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Great Essays

    The argument in Descartes’ Sixth Meditation for the real distinction between the mind and the body ultimately secures his dualist position. Despite his argument appearing to make some mildly questionable leaps and seemingly ignore one potentially devastating point altogether, his position is clear and strong. I will begin by reconstructing Descartes’ argument, cover the grievances listed above, and then hope to argue that, despite these objections, Descartes’ position remains a sound metaphysical view. In the Sixth Meditation, Descartes begins by declaring that, firstly, all things one can clearly and distinctly perceive can be created by God, and secondly, if one can clearly and distinctly perceive one thing without calling to mind another,…

    • 1415 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Great Essays
  • Superior Essays

    Descartes is most famous for his promotion of the Cartesian dualism. However there are many alluring subjects that arises during his meditations, and the problem of other minds is one of them. This essay will answer the question how does Descartes arrive at the problem of other minds in the second mediation, and does he offer an adequate solution to it. This essay will be separated into two sections, the first section will comment on how Descartes uses the method of doubt to arrive at the problem of other minds. The second will analyze Descartes ' solution and evaluate its adequacy.…

    • 1266 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Throughout his “Meditations” Descartes will demonstrate that he is breaking away from the traditional way of thinking and metaphysics. And, throughout the text Descarte will lay out a foundation to a different way of thinking. One in which one does not solely rely on the senses to know things, but instead rely on an inspection of the mind. But, this conflicts with other philosophers of Descartes time, and it conflicts with what is being taught within the schools, Around Descartes time, many of the schools were using the writings of Aquinas and therefore Aristotle to teach, and they had become almost the center of philosophy. In this paper I will discuss and explain how Descartes’ views are different from the medieval and classical views of Aquinas and Aristotle.…

    • 1248 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    René Descartes first builds up his position in Meditations on First Philosophy by starting with pushing aside all that we know and learned as it was based on the empiricist thinking, that our beliefs are to be based on our sense experience, which is the perceived foundation of how everyone thinks. This way of thinking, according to Descartes, should be abandon as it is a defective way to do so when learning. Even thinking by numbers and figures are not a good foundation when gaining knowledge in Descartes’ Meditations, so he takes through his thoughts so that we come to same conclusion as him on why the methodological doubt should be used to better our understanding of the world. The beliefs we currently have are invalid since our senses…

    • 703 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays