It was the duty of a Middle Ages Knight to learn how to fight and so serve their liege Lord according to the Code of Chivalry. Under their armor, the knights wore padding to ease the pain of wearing such heavy metal. In the early years, knights wore chainmail. These were metal chains linked together. It took about five years to make body armor out of mail. The covering for their chests and arms weighed between 20 and 30 pounds and sometimes had up to 200,000 rings. In the later years, knights wore full metal armor. The helmets that knights wore had eyeholes (usually slits in the metal) and breathing holes so the knights could get sufficient air. Shields were made of wood or metal and generally had the knight’s …show more content…
The Exarch of Revenna was the Byzantine emperor’s representation in Italy. The empire was weakened during this time, as it was in the midst of the Muslin expansion. Because of this, the current pope, Pope Stephen II, no longer trusted the current emperor, Constantine V. Later, when Pope Leo III crowned Charlemagne emperor (circa 800 AD), he decided that no man, at least in the West, could be emperor without the pope’s anointment.
Byzantines
As far back as the 600s AD, most of the southern Mediterranean area had been conquered by the Islamic Caliphite. This was a threat to the Christians. Pope Urban II was asked to aid the current emperor, Alexius I, against Muslim invasions. At the council of Clermont, Urban called for the first crusade. He did this to assist the Byzantine Empire in regaining old Christian areas. The most important of these was Jerusalem.
Low point of the papacy- 867-1049
Popes in the Middle Ages came under political scrutiny from 867-1049. During this time, popes in the Middle Ages were starved, imprisoned, murdered, and forced to step down from their positions. One official controlled the papacy for half a century. Pope John XII, the great-grandson of this official, held numerous decadent and sinful parties in the Lateran palace. John was accused in an ecclesiastical court by Emperor Otto I of Germany and he was forced to step down from his