“Of all the living creatures with a soul and mind, we women are the most pathetic. First of all, we have to buy
“Of all the living creatures with a soul and mind, we women are the most pathetic. First of all, we have to buy
From altering the beautiful language of Euripides’s to a far more powerful Medea, the Jeffers version of Medea is vastly different than the Norton version. The Jeffers version, while beautifully written and adapted is far from as well-written as the Norton version of Medea. While both versions share the fact that the heroin is strong, intelligent, and courageous, the Norton version gives a different spin to the age old tragedy that is more accurate to the word of Euripides. The original essay may not have changed much in this case, but this essay does present what has changed slightly because Norton brings a different perspective of Medea’s true power and intellect.…
Chronicling the fate of the House of Atreus - a bloodline destined to beget suffering and bleed until it is bled dry - the closing moments of Aeschylus’ Oresteia depict, more optimistically, the very best of what Aeschylus hoped society could be. Yet to ignore the issues of gender and sexuality - the binary opposition and conflicting gendering of its two female ‘heroines’ and their subsequent inversion of societal norms, for example - is to confine the text and its characters unnecessarily. It is a disservice to limit Aeschylus’ sprawling text - to fail to see the unambiguous connection between justice and feminism, or to ignore the blaring gender issues within The Oresteia, is to allow the text’s reception and its lasting relevance to begin and end in antiquity. A multifaceted analytical approach is essential in order to gauge the social significance of a feminist reading of Agamemnon. The study of classical reception…
In the fiercely masculine world of Greece, only males were educated and allowed to vote. In Sparta women competed in gymnastics, could own land and divorce their husbands. In Aristophanes shows both sides of women, the influential and the subservient, by using two important characters named Lysistrata and Medea. Lysistrata is the ring-leader of the political movement, her character elements are more masculine than some of the other females throughout the story. While Lysistrata breaks from the traditional role of a female in many different ways, but the strange part about it is that she seems a little too masculine compared to the other women she has encountered.…
Women in Homer’s The Odyssey, Euripides’ Hippolytus, Virgil’s The Aeneid, and Ovid’s Venus and Adonis (And Atalanta) often held positions of power, whether it be a dutiful wife and loving mother, a widowed queen, or a goddess. In these Greco-Roman texts, women hold power by embracing their feminine roles, where a man may “name her as [his] own, that she may spend all of her years with [him], to make [him] father of fair sons” (Virgil: 4). She is expected to be as loyal and motherly as Penelope, who spent years “wasting away [her] life, [her] heart broken longing for [her] husband” (Homer 2006: 382) and endured a similar “cloud of heartbreak” (Homer 2006: 147) when her son departed on his quest. Atalanta, Penelope, and Phaedra take advantage of their otherwise powerless roles, and glean some control over their lives, thus empowering themselves.…
In present day we often hold ancient pieces of literature such as; The Epic of Gilgamesh, Shakespearean plays, and The Iliad upon pedestals. Sadly, overtime these stories have shown their true colors, they are a reflection of the sexist views their patriarchy societies held. One such story is the Odyssey, an Epic poem composed in ancient Greece. Three specific characters do an exemplary job of exposing the ant-feminist views of the civilization. Through the representation of the main female characters; Calypso, Circe, and Penelope the biased of Greek Culture is revealed.…
We sit around all tarted up in sexy clothes and makeup, expensive negligees and fancy shoes” (Aristophanes 58). The women themselves cannot fathom how they are to bring about political change. Yet, it is through the very lenses in which the men view the women that they, the women, are able to gain power. The self-empowerment of the Greek women is done contritely to The Epic of Gilgamesh. Lysistrata withholds sex to cripple the men rather than give it.…
In ancient Greek society, the roles of women play a key role. Women were supposed to be loyal and respected, but the men were not held to the same standards. The men could have as many concubines and mistresses as they wanted, but the women had to remain loyal to their husbands. There has been a long history of women being disloyal while their husbands have been at war. The different types of women presented to the readers throughout the poem all add to the different aspects of societal women in Greece.…
The classic tragedy of Antigone allows readers to follow the tragic destiny of Antigone, the ill-fated daughter of Oedipus. Throughout Antigone female gender roles are constantly spoken of in contradictory ways, posing a powerful debate about what it means to be a female. The Greek tragedy of Antigone presents a battle of opinions on traditional female gender roles; Creon supports the traditional female gender roles through his demeaning view and words he expresses towards women, which is contrasted by Antigone’s strong actions of bravery and her quest for freedom from the chains of grief as well as Ismene’s transition of ideology on how women should behave. The debate of female gender roles presented proves to be important due to the fact…
Today, the great ancient Greek civilization is remembered in a myriad of ways. The battles they fought to maintain their independence, with their methodical and strategic combat techniques. The great philosophers, that during their times rummaged through reality to answer the unknown, that defied the customary ways of thinking. The gods and goddesses that gathered the masses with their mystical appeal, and the myths that answered what Greek societies inevitably questioned. However, one thing that appears to be disregarded when venturing into the history of ancient Greece is its women and the roles they held, considering that many facets of ancient Greek history are devoted to men.…
There are many instances in the play Othello where gender roles become significant. During Shakespeare’s time, men hold the power and women are perceived as weak and powerless. Also, women are expected to be submissive to their man by doing whatever he asks of her and this is very apparent in the play Othello. The role of women in the play, determines the plot and the fate of some of the character’s involved. The way Shakespeare creates these roles in the play, shows his culture’s beliefs of gender and equality during this time period.…
Gender Bias in Antigone In Sophocles ' Antigone, gender biases are quite prevalently used to portray the inequality between men and women in a misogynistic society. Sophocles used the major conflict between Kreon and Antigone to demonstrate this ideology. Kreon, who was Antigone’s uncle and the ruler of Thebes, would not listen to her reasoning simply because she was a woman.…
Medea and the patriarchy In Ancient Greece, most of the literature and writing were composed by elite, wealthy, and well-educated men. The play Medea, written by Euripides is no different than most of the plays of the time except for its subject matter. Medea is about Medea, a strong mother from a foreign land, who is cheated by her husband Jason. What is different about this play is that Medea does not act as a woman should according to the traditional customs of the time. Instead, Medea tries to break down the walls of injustice and point out the patriarchal society present, and the consequential oppression of women.…
The patriarchy dominated Ancient Greece’s lives and it still dominates the world today. The Greek poets represented their culture 's gender expectations, whether or not they did so intentionally. Hopefully, modern authors will be able to shed light on the struggles against the patriarchy and help smash it once and for…
“Medea explores the tension between reason and passion”. Discuss It is within the very nature of humans to isolate the polarised forces of reason and passion, yet within his Greek tragedy Medea, Euripides demonstrates the “fatal results” of possessing a predisposition for either frame of mind. Indeed, the antagonistic relationship between Medea and society best contextualises the gripping antithesis between maintaining an acceptable outward demeanour and laying bare our inner impulses respectively, however, at its core, this rupture is also self evident on an intrapersonal level as observed in Medea’s character. In presenting the consequences of the oppressive culture of Greek society, as well as the extent of destruction entailed with Medea’s…
In the Aristophanes’ play Lysistrata, is satire that not only links sex and politics in ancient Greece, but also shows the faults of the Athenian democracy and the relationship between men and women. In straight forward terms the play Lysistrata shows the struggle to come to a solution to ultimately end the disastrous Peloponnesian War. More Specifically the need to understand why the women were so essential to end the Peloponnesian War is vital in the play. Thus, the author constructs a vision into understanding political and gender issues of the period.…