Causes As aforementioned after the 1970’s the rate of incarceration within the United States spiked dramatically. Until recently when trying to explain the cause of racial disparity within the justice system and the effects on rate of incarceration, most viewed the situation as not indicative of just a racial issue but saw it as a problem across the board within the United States. Many became focused on the issue of mass incarceration rather than focusing on the issue of disproportion in incarceration or believed it was a newly developing issue rather than longstanding. According to Muller however, the explanation of racial disparity is not something that can be explained looking at data from the 1970’s and onward but rather one need refer
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During this time period it is estimated that the south lost about 3.2 million non-white residents to northern states. This shift in Blacks from southern states where their population was already lower to northern states where it was higher could account for the 29 percent disparity in the north and south. Another factor was the current makeup of said northern states. During this time period the north was predominately made up of whites, many of whom were European immigrants who fought to separate themselves from the descendants of slaves. Due to the influx of blacks however, European immigrants set aside their indifferences for one another and banded together against the new incoming threat of nonwhite southerners. This change in demographic according to Muller “shook nativism to its ideological foundations, supporting the emergence of the New Negro Movement and engendering the first truly mass culture obsessed with ‘the Negro’ as the foremost social threat” (Muller, 2012, p.284). In the years to come, life for these migrants who were newly freed was not easy. Although they were now considered citizens, white supremacists continually found new ways to make life hard. Segregation in all aspects of life, lynching, and violence in general were just some of the things they dealt with on a daily
During this time period it is estimated that the south lost about 3.2 million non-white residents to northern states. This shift in Blacks from southern states where their population was already lower to northern states where it was higher could account for the 29 percent disparity in the north and south. Another factor was the current makeup of said northern states. During this time period the north was predominately made up of whites, many of whom were European immigrants who fought to separate themselves from the descendants of slaves. Due to the influx of blacks however, European immigrants set aside their indifferences for one another and banded together against the new incoming threat of nonwhite southerners. This change in demographic according to Muller “shook nativism to its ideological foundations, supporting the emergence of the New Negro Movement and engendering the first truly mass culture obsessed with ‘the Negro’ as the foremost social threat” (Muller, 2012, p.284). In the years to come, life for these migrants who were newly freed was not easy. Although they were now considered citizens, white supremacists continually found new ways to make life hard. Segregation in all aspects of life, lynching, and violence in general were just some of the things they dealt with on a daily